evidence table

Vitamin K2 Bone Randomized Trial Evidence Table

Structured evidence table for Vitamin K2 Bone Randomized Trial, generated from 2 reusable source documents in the Migaku knowledge base.

topicclaimevidence levelcitationsource
Vitamin K2 Bone Randomized TrialExperimental and clinical evidence now suggests that vitamin K influences skeletal muscle through both γ-carboxylation-dependent pathways-mediated by osteocalcin, matrix Gla protein (MGP), and growth arrest-specific 6 (Gas6)-and through non-carboxylation mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, mitochondrial-regulatory, and ferroptosis-suppressing effects.4Ran X (2026)Vitamin K and muscle health: mechanisms and clinical perspectives in sarcopenia and beyond: narrative review.
Vitamin K2 Bone Randomized TrialBeyond age-related sarcopenia, vitamin K may also play a potentially protective role in muscle dysfunction associated with chronic diseases, including dialysis-related cramps and metabolic disorders.4Ran X (2026)Vitamin K and muscle health: mechanisms and clinical perspectives in sarcopenia and beyond: narrative review.
Vitamin K2 Bone Randomized TrialThis review synthesizes recent mechanistic insights and clinical evidence, highlighting vitamin K as a biologically plausible contributor that is supported primarily by observational and mechanistic evidence for the prevention and management of sarcopenia and other muscle-related disorders, though its role remains incompletely validated.4Ran X (2026)Vitamin K and muscle health: mechanisms and clinical perspectives in sarcopenia and beyond: narrative review.
Vitamin K2 Bone Randomized TrialVitamin K, a fat-soluble micronutrient traditionally recognized for its role in blood coagulation, has increasingly been implicated as a micronutrient with emerging roles in skeletal muscle health.4Ran X (2026)Vitamin K and muscle health: mechanisms and clinical perspectives in sarcopenia and beyond: narrative review.
Vitamin K2 Bone Randomized TrialTogether with vitamin K2, it participates in the fine-tuning of mineral metabolism and vascular health, potentially modulating cardiometabolic risk through intertwined endocrine and paracrine pathways.4D'Elia S (2025)Modulation of Cardiometabolic Risk by Vitamin D and K2: Simple Supplementation or Real Drug? Uncovering the Pharmacological Properties.
Vitamin K2 Bone Randomized TrialObservational and mechanistic studies consistently link low serum 25(OH)D concentrations with hypertension, insulin resistance, heart failure, and increased cardiovascular mortality.4D'Elia S (2025)Modulation of Cardiometabolic Risk by Vitamin D and K2: Simple Supplementation or Real Drug? Uncovering the Pharmacological Properties.
Vitamin K2 Bone Randomized TrialWhile experimental and epidemiological evidence suggests potential cardiovascular benefits, large randomized controlled trials (RCTs) provide conflicting results, particularly regarding hypertension and heart failure.4D'Elia S (2025)Modulation of Cardiometabolic Risk by Vitamin D and K2: Simple Supplementation or Real Drug? Uncovering the Pharmacological Properties.
Vitamin K2 Bone Randomized TrialVitamin D, traditionally regarded as a nutrient, is increasingly recognized as a pharmacologically active secosteroid with pleiotropic effects extending beyond calcium homeostasis and bone integrity.4D'Elia S (2025)Modulation of Cardiometabolic Risk by Vitamin D and K2: Simple Supplementation or Real Drug? Uncovering the Pharmacological Properties.
topicVitamin K2 Bone Randomized Trial
claimExperimental and clinical evidence now suggests that vitamin K influences skeletal muscle through both γ-carboxylation-dependent pathways-mediated by osteocalcin, matrix Gla protein (MGP), and growth arrest-specific 6 (Gas6)-and through non-carboxylation mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, mitochondrial-regulatory, and ferroptosis-suppressing effects.
evidence level4
citationRan X (2026)
sourceVitamin K and muscle health: mechanisms and clinical perspectives in sarcopenia and beyond: narrative review.
topicVitamin K2 Bone Randomized Trial
claimBeyond age-related sarcopenia, vitamin K may also play a potentially protective role in muscle dysfunction associated with chronic diseases, including dialysis-related cramps and metabolic disorders.
evidence level4
citationRan X (2026)
sourceVitamin K and muscle health: mechanisms and clinical perspectives in sarcopenia and beyond: narrative review.
topicVitamin K2 Bone Randomized Trial
claimThis review synthesizes recent mechanistic insights and clinical evidence, highlighting vitamin K as a biologically plausible contributor that is supported primarily by observational and mechanistic evidence for the prevention and management of sarcopenia and other muscle-related disorders, though its role remains incompletely validated.
evidence level4
citationRan X (2026)
sourceVitamin K and muscle health: mechanisms and clinical perspectives in sarcopenia and beyond: narrative review.
topicVitamin K2 Bone Randomized Trial
claimVitamin K, a fat-soluble micronutrient traditionally recognized for its role in blood coagulation, has increasingly been implicated as a micronutrient with emerging roles in skeletal muscle health.
evidence level4
citationRan X (2026)
sourceVitamin K and muscle health: mechanisms and clinical perspectives in sarcopenia and beyond: narrative review.
topicVitamin K2 Bone Randomized Trial
claimTogether with vitamin K2, it participates in the fine-tuning of mineral metabolism and vascular health, potentially modulating cardiometabolic risk through intertwined endocrine and paracrine pathways.
evidence level4
citationD'Elia S (2025)
sourceModulation of Cardiometabolic Risk by Vitamin D and K2: Simple Supplementation or Real Drug? Uncovering the Pharmacological Properties.
topicVitamin K2 Bone Randomized Trial
claimObservational and mechanistic studies consistently link low serum 25(OH)D concentrations with hypertension, insulin resistance, heart failure, and increased cardiovascular mortality.
evidence level4
citationD'Elia S (2025)
sourceModulation of Cardiometabolic Risk by Vitamin D and K2: Simple Supplementation or Real Drug? Uncovering the Pharmacological Properties.
topicVitamin K2 Bone Randomized Trial
claimWhile experimental and epidemiological evidence suggests potential cardiovascular benefits, large randomized controlled trials (RCTs) provide conflicting results, particularly regarding hypertension and heart failure.
evidence level4
citationD'Elia S (2025)
sourceModulation of Cardiometabolic Risk by Vitamin D and K2: Simple Supplementation or Real Drug? Uncovering the Pharmacological Properties.
topicVitamin K2 Bone Randomized Trial
claimVitamin D, traditionally regarded as a nutrient, is increasingly recognized as a pharmacologically active secosteroid with pleiotropic effects extending beyond calcium homeostasis and bone integrity.
evidence level4
citationD'Elia S (2025)
sourceModulation of Cardiometabolic Risk by Vitamin D and K2: Simple Supplementation or Real Drug? Uncovering the Pharmacological Properties.

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Source documents

  1. Vitamin K and muscle health: mechanisms and clinical perspectives in sarcopenia and beyond: narrative review.
  2. Modulation of Cardiometabolic Risk by Vitamin D and K2: Simple Supplementation or Real Drug? Uncovering the Pharmacological Properties.