evidence table
Vitamin K2 Arterial Stiffness Randomized Trial Evidence Table
Structured evidence table for Vitamin K2 Arterial Stiffness Randomized Trial, generated from 2 reusable source documents in the Migaku knowledge base.
| topic | claim | evidence level | citation | source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vitamin K2 Arterial Stiffness Randomized Trial | Over the past four decades, the prevalence of obesity among young adults has increased substantially, rising from 5.5% to 32.6% []. | 2 | Olivares-Ochoa Xochitl Citlalli (2026) | Vitamin K2 Supplementation Reduces Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Young Adults with Overweight and Obesity—A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial |
| Vitamin K2 Arterial Stiffness Randomized Trial | Prolonged exposure to unhealthy behaviors—such as poor diet and sedentary lifestyle—combined with environmental and genetic factors during this critical period, may substantially increase the risk of developing obesity [,,]. | 2 | Olivares-Ochoa Xochitl Citlalli (2026) | Vitamin K2 Supplementation Reduces Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Young Adults with Overweight and Obesity—A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial |
| Vitamin K2 Arterial Stiffness Randomized Trial | It is a major contributor to cardiometabolic risk, as adipose tissue dysfunction promotes pathophysiological mechanisms including insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, and systemic inflammation [,]. | 2 | Olivares-Ochoa Xochitl Citlalli (2026) | Vitamin K2 Supplementation Reduces Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Young Adults with Overweight and Obesity—A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial |
| Vitamin K2 Arterial Stiffness Randomized Trial | 1 2 3 4 Worldwide, obesity is recognized as one of the most significant public health challenges, affecting children, adolescents, and adults alike []. | 2 | Olivares-Ochoa Xochitl Citlalli (2026) | Vitamin K2 Supplementation Reduces Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Young Adults with Overweight and Obesity—A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial |
| Vitamin K2 Arterial Stiffness Randomized Trial | Vitamin D deficiency has been consistently associated with adverse outcomes, including increased susceptibility to cancers, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease [,]. | 3 | D’Elia Saverio (2025) | Modulation of Cardiometabolic Risk by Vitamin D and K2: Simple Supplementation or Real Drug? Uncovering the Pharmacological Properties |
| Vitamin K2 Arterial Stiffness Randomized Trial | Epidemiological studies further indicate that populations in regions with higher sun exposure exhibit lower prevalence of deficiency and reduced mortality from chronic disease [,]. | 3 | D’Elia Saverio (2025) | Modulation of Cardiometabolic Risk by Vitamin D and K2: Simple Supplementation or Real Drug? Uncovering the Pharmacological Properties |
| Vitamin K2 Arterial Stiffness Randomized Trial | These findings are reinforced by recent large-scale analyses: for example, a 2023 study in Clinical Nutrition involving nearly 410,000 UK Biobank participants reported that individuals with severe deficiency (<30 nmol/L) had a 10% increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and up to 35% higher risk of cardiovascular mortality []. | 3 | D’Elia Saverio (2025) | Modulation of Cardiometabolic Risk by Vitamin D and K2: Simple Supplementation or Real Drug? Uncovering the Pharmacological Properties |
| Vitamin K2 Arterial Stiffness Randomized Trial | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 6 Vitamin D, a pleiotropic secosteroid, exerts physiological effects far beyond its classical roles in calcium homeostasis and skeletal health []. | 3 | D’Elia Saverio (2025) | Modulation of Cardiometabolic Risk by Vitamin D and K2: Simple Supplementation or Real Drug? Uncovering the Pharmacological Properties |
Source documents