topicVitamin D Depression Meta-Analysis
claimVitamin D supplementation demonstrated a significant improvement in depressive symptoms compared to the placebo group (SMD: -0.98; 95% CI - 1.28 to -0.68; p I 2 = 79%; p Conclusion Our findings from this systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that vitamin D supplementation may be an effective adjunctive therapy for improving depressive symptoms.
evidence level1
citationLiu HH (2026)
sourceEfficacy of vitamin D supplementation in patients diagnosed with depression: a dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
topicVitamin D Depression Meta-Analysis
claimHigher daily doses, particularly around 5,000 IU, were associated with greater symptom improvement within the studied populations.
evidence level1
citationLiu HH (2026)
sourceEfficacy of vitamin D supplementation in patients diagnosed with depression: a dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
topicVitamin D Depression Meta-Analysis
claimBackground Depression affects 5% of the global population, posing significant health and economic challenges.
evidence level1
citationLiu HH (2026)
sourceEfficacy of vitamin D supplementation in patients diagnosed with depression: a dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
topicVitamin D Depression Meta-Analysis
claimObjectives This study evaluates the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in reducing depressive symptoms and explores its dose-response relationship.
evidence level1
citationLiu HH (2026)
sourceEfficacy of vitamin D supplementation in patients diagnosed with depression: a dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
topicVitamin D Depression Meta-Analysis
claim3 4 5 6 7 8 8 9 10 10 11 Circadian misalignment has been unequivocally recognized as a risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases.
evidence level3
citationVesković Milena (2026)
sourceVitamin D as a Regulator of the Biological Clock—Implications for Circadian–Metabolic Dysregulation
topicVitamin D Depression Meta-Analysis
claimInadequate sleep increases the risk of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome; hence their co-appearance led to the designation of circadian syndrome [,].
evidence level3
citationVesković Milena (2026)
sourceVitamin D as a Regulator of the Biological Clock—Implications for Circadian–Metabolic Dysregulation
topicVitamin D Depression Meta-Analysis
claimwho actually expanded the cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors to include sleep disturbances and depression [,].
evidence level3
citationVesković Milena (2026)
sourceVitamin D as a Regulator of the Biological Clock—Implications for Circadian–Metabolic Dysregulation
topicVitamin D Depression Meta-Analysis
claim1 2 Circadian disruption represents a global health problem in the 21st century affecting the majority of the world population.
evidence level3
citationVesković Milena (2026)
sourceVitamin D as a Regulator of the Biological Clock—Implications for Circadian–Metabolic Dysregulation