topicVitamin B12 Mood Randomized Trial
claimWe present guidance from major health authorities, which advises against routine testing in asymptomatic individuals without risk factors.
evidence level4
citationYepes-Calderón M (2026)
sourceVitamin B<sub>12</sub> Supplementation: Is More Always Better?
topicVitamin B12 Mood Randomized Trial
claimObservational studies associate B 12 supplementation and higher circulating B 12 levels with increased risks of malignancy.
evidence level4
citationYepes-Calderón M (2026)
sourceVitamin B<sub>12</sub> Supplementation: Is More Always Better?
topicVitamin B12 Mood Randomized Trial
claimHowever, these findings are inconsistent, and current evidence is insufficient to establish causality, as potential reverse causation remains a major concern.
evidence level4
citationYepes-Calderón M (2026)
sourceVitamin B<sub>12</sub> Supplementation: Is More Always Better?
topicVitamin B12 Mood Randomized Trial
claimVitamin B 12 supplementation among people without proven deficiency has become popularized, driven by perceptions of (i) frequent underdiagnosis of deficiency, (ii) promotion as a natural enhancer of well-being, and (iii) a favourable safety profile.
evidence level4
citationYepes-Calderón M (2026)
sourceVitamin B<sub>12</sub> Supplementation: Is More Always Better?