Quick Answer
L-Citrulline Resistance Exercise Randomized Trial has evidence relevant to strength of evidence and what the studies can or cannot prove, but conclusions should stay close to the cited sources. One representative finding is: Although generally considered safe, their combined use with high-intensity training may increase the risk of exertional rhabdomyolysis and secondary liver or kidney injury.
Key Takeaways
- 01Although generally considered safe, their combined use with high-intensity training may increase the risk of exertional rhabdomyolysis and secondary liver or kidney injury. [Chowaniec P (2026)]
- 02Laboratory evaluation revealed markedly elevated creatine kinase (>120,000 U/L) and increased aminotransferases (aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 1,275 U/L; alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 337 U/L), with preserved renal function (creatinine 1.0 mg/dL; estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 108 mL/min/1.73 m²). [Chowaniec P (2026)]
- 03Creatine and β-alanine enhance exercise capacity through complementary mechanisms involving adenosine triphosphate (ATP) resynthesis and intracellular buffering, potentially enabling greater training loads and increasing risk of muscle injury. [Chowaniec P (2026)]
- 04Dietary supplements such as creatine, β-alanine, citrulline malate (CM), phosphatidic acid (PA), and β-ecdysterone are widely used to enhance exercise performance and muscle hypertrophy. [Chowaniec P (2026)]
The current Migaku evidence database contains 2 reusable source documents for L-Citrulline Resistance Exercise Randomized Trial. This answer focuses on strength of evidence and what the studies can or cannot prove.
- Although generally considered safe, their combined use with high-intensity training may increase the risk of exertional rhabdomyolysis and secondary liver or kidney injury. [Chowaniec P (2026); evidence level 4]
- Laboratory evaluation revealed markedly elevated creatine kinase (>120,000 U/L) and increased aminotransferases (aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 1,275 U/L; alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 337 U/L), with preserved renal function (creatinine 1.0 mg/dL; estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 108 mL/min/1.73 m²). [Chowaniec P (2026); evidence level 4]
- Creatine and β-alanine enhance exercise capacity through complementary mechanisms involving adenosine triphosphate (ATP) resynthesis and intracellular buffering, potentially enabling greater training loads and increasing risk of muscle injury. [Chowaniec P (2026); evidence level 4]
- Dietary supplements such as creatine, β-alanine, citrulline malate (CM), phosphatidic acid (PA), and β-ecdysterone are widely used to enhance exercise performance and muscle hypertrophy. [Chowaniec P (2026); evidence level 4]
- 1 2 3 4 2 5 6 L-citrulline is a non-essential amino acid that is found primarily in watermelons, cucumbers, and other melons []. [Gonzalez Adam M. (2023); evidence level 4]
Evidence levels are sorting aids, not final clinical grades. Level 1 usually indicates systematic-review style evidence, level 2 indicates randomized trials or public-health guidance, and lower levels need more cautious wording.
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Sources