topicCitrulline Malate Resistance Training Randomized Trial
claimThe primary physiological effect of NO during exercise is vasodilation, leading to an increased supply of oxygen and energy substrates to muscle tissues [,].
evidence level2
citationBayat Davoud (2025)
sourceChanges in resistance training performance, rating of perceived exertion, and blood biomarkers after six weeks of supplementation with L-citrulline vs. L-citrulline DL-malate in resistance-trained men: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial
topicCitrulline Malate Resistance Training Randomized Trial
claimMost of the ergogenic properties of CIT supplements are attributed to LC’s role as an L-arginine precursor, which leads to increased L-arginine bioavailability and enhanced NO production.
evidence level2
citationBayat Davoud (2025)
sourceChanges in resistance training performance, rating of perceived exertion, and blood biomarkers after six weeks of supplementation with L-citrulline vs. L-citrulline DL-malate in resistance-trained men: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial
topicCitrulline Malate Resistance Training Randomized Trial
claimOnly those individuals were allowed to participate in the study who were considered low risk by the American College of Sports Medicine [], were nonsmokers, had not used any ergogenic supplements for 8 weeks prior to enrollment, and had no orthopedic problems or metabolic disorders that could interfere with the outcome measures or full commitment to the study protocol.
evidence level2
citationBayat Davoud (2025)
sourceChanges in resistance training performance, rating of perceived exertion, and blood biomarkers after six weeks of supplementation with L-citrulline vs. L-citrulline DL-malate in resistance-trained men: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial
topicCitrulline Malate Resistance Training Randomized Trial
claim1 1 2 3 4 L-Citrulline (LC) is a non-essential, non-proteinogenic amino acid that has gained popularity as a Nitric Oxide (NO) enhancer in sports nutrition [].
evidence level2
citationBayat Davoud (2025)
sourceChanges in resistance training performance, rating of perceived exertion, and blood biomarkers after six weeks of supplementation with L-citrulline vs. L-citrulline DL-malate in resistance-trained men: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial
topicCitrulline Malate Resistance Training Randomized Trial
claimAlthough generally considered safe, their combined use with high-intensity training may increase the risk of exertional rhabdomyolysis and secondary liver or kidney injury.
evidence level4
citationChowaniec P (2026)
sourceExercise-Induced Rhabdomyolysis With Supplements (Creatine, β-Alanine, Citrulline Malate, and β-Ecdysterone).
topicCitrulline Malate Resistance Training Randomized Trial
claimLaboratory evaluation revealed markedly elevated creatine kinase (>120,000 U/L) and increased aminotransferases (aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 1,275 U/L; alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 337 U/L), with preserved renal function (creatinine 1.0 mg/dL; estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 108 mL/min/1.73 m²).
evidence level4
citationChowaniec P (2026)
sourceExercise-Induced Rhabdomyolysis With Supplements (Creatine, β-Alanine, Citrulline Malate, and β-Ecdysterone).
topicCitrulline Malate Resistance Training Randomized Trial
claimCreatine and β-alanine enhance exercise capacity through complementary mechanisms involving adenosine triphosphate (ATP) resynthesis and intracellular buffering, potentially enabling greater training loads and increasing risk of muscle injury.
evidence level4
citationChowaniec P (2026)
sourceExercise-Induced Rhabdomyolysis With Supplements (Creatine, β-Alanine, Citrulline Malate, and β-Ecdysterone).
topicCitrulline Malate Resistance Training Randomized Trial
claimDietary supplements such as creatine, β-alanine, citrulline malate (CM), phosphatidic acid (PA), and β-ecdysterone are widely used to enhance exercise performance and muscle hypertrophy.
evidence level4
citationChowaniec P (2026)
sourceExercise-Induced Rhabdomyolysis With Supplements (Creatine, β-Alanine, Citrulline Malate, and β-Ecdysterone).