topicSodium Bicarbonate Endurance Performance Randomized Trial
claimTwo reviewers independently performed literature screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool.
evidence level1
citationZhu Y (2026)
sourceEffects of different menthol administration routes on endurance performance and physiological responses in the heat: a network meta-analysis.
topicSodium Bicarbonate Endurance Performance Randomized Trial
claimConclusion The interventional efficacy of menthol in the heat appears to be co-regulated by the administration route and the specific exercise task.
evidence level1
citationZhu Y (2026)
sourceEffects of different menthol administration routes on endurance performance and physiological responses in the heat: a network meta-analysis.
topicSodium Bicarbonate Endurance Performance Randomized Trial
claimWhile the current evidence does not establish definitive superiority among the administration routes due to the lack of statistical significance, ingestion may serve as an exploratory option for long-duration endurance events, whereas mouth rinsing could be considered for tasks focusing on instantaneous power output.
evidence level1
citationZhu Y (2026)
sourceEffects of different menthol administration routes on endurance performance and physiological responses in the heat: a network meta-analysis.
topicSodium Bicarbonate Endurance Performance Randomized Trial
claimObjective This study employed a network meta-analysis (NMA) to systematically evaluate and compare the relative efficacy of three menthol administration routes-ingestion (ING), mouth rinsing (MR), and topical application (Top)-on exercise performance and physiological responses in the heat, aiming to explore potential task-oriented personalized supplementation strategies.
evidence level1
citationZhu Y (2026)
sourceEffects of different menthol administration routes on endurance performance and physiological responses in the heat: a network meta-analysis.
topicSodium Bicarbonate Endurance Performance Randomized Trial
claimNo significant differences were found under any condition for RPE, EMG, and KE repetitions.
evidence level4
citationWilliams MLA (2025)
sourceNo Ergogenic Effect of Caffeine or Sodium Bicarbonate on Resistance Exercise Performance: A Double-Blind Crossover Study with Sex-Based Analysis.
topicSodium Bicarbonate Endurance Performance Randomized Trial
claimA main effect for groups revealed was increased CP repetitions with sodium bicarbonate (7.42; 95%CI: 6.8-7.9) versus caffeine (6.7; 95%CI: 6.1-7.3) and control (7.1; 95%CI: 6.4-7.6) conditions.
evidence level4
citationWilliams MLA (2025)
sourceNo Ergogenic Effect of Caffeine or Sodium Bicarbonate on Resistance Exercise Performance: A Double-Blind Crossover Study with Sex-Based Analysis.
topicSodium Bicarbonate Endurance Performance Randomized Trial
claimCaffeine, a nervous system stimulant, and sodium bicarbonate, a metabolic buffer, have been shown to improve performance in high-intensity, particularly aerobic, exercises.
evidence level4
citationWilliams MLA (2025)
sourceNo Ergogenic Effect of Caffeine or Sodium Bicarbonate on Resistance Exercise Performance: A Double-Blind Crossover Study with Sex-Based Analysis.
topicSodium Bicarbonate Endurance Performance Randomized Trial
claimThis randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study compared the acute effects of caffeine and sodium bicarbonate on chest press (CP) and knee extension (KE) performance.
evidence level4
citationWilliams MLA (2025)
sourceNo Ergogenic Effect of Caffeine or Sodium Bicarbonate on Resistance Exercise Performance: A Double-Blind Crossover Study with Sex-Based Analysis.