topicCollagen Joint Pain Meta-Analysis
claimPurpose To assess whether diabetes mellitus (type 1 or type 2) increases the risk of developing adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder).
evidence level1
citationHernigou P (2026)
sourceThe diabetic shoulder: association between diabetes mellitus and adhesive capsulitis - a systematic review and meta-analysis.
topicCollagen Joint Pain Meta-Analysis
claimStudy quality and bias risk were assessed, and when enough data were available, a random-effects meta-analysis was performed to estimate the general association between diabetes and the development of frozen shoulder.
evidence level1
citationHernigou P (2026)
sourceThe diabetic shoulder: association between diabetes mellitus and adhesive capsulitis - a systematic review and meta-analysis.
topicCollagen Joint Pain Meta-Analysis
claimSeveral additional risk factors were noted across studies, including poor glycemic control, obesity, hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, thyroid issues, age between 40 and 65, female gender, smoking, and alcohol use.
evidence level1
citationHernigou P (2026)
sourceThe diabetic shoulder: association between diabetes mellitus and adhesive capsulitis - a systematic review and meta-analysis.
topicCollagen Joint Pain Meta-Analysis
claimMethods A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in 2026 using multiple electronic databases.
evidence level1
citationHernigou P (2026)
sourceThe diabetic shoulder: association between diabetes mellitus and adhesive capsulitis - a systematic review and meta-analysis.
topicCollagen Joint Pain Meta-Analysis
claimFrom 1990 to 2020, the prevalence of OA rose by 132.2% while the age-standardized incidence rate increased from 233.0 to 255.0 per 100,000 worldwide [].
evidence level3
citationLee Woojin (2026)
sourceCurrent State of Orthobiologics in Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis—Future Directions
topicCollagen Joint Pain Meta-Analysis
claimCurrent standard treatments for knee OA, including exercise, weight loss, NSAIDs, topical agents, corticosteroid or hyaluronic acid injections, and radiofrequency ablation, have not been effective in decreasing the incidence of knee OA, ultimately resulting in an increased need for surgical intervention such as total knee arthroplasty [,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,].
evidence level3
citationLee Woojin (2026)
sourceCurrent State of Orthobiologics in Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis—Future Directions
topicCollagen Joint Pain Meta-Analysis
claimTherefore, if orthobiologics can sufficiently prove their regenerative effect on degenerative conditions such as knee OA, it may result in a regression of knee OA prevalence, resulting in a decreasing disease burden worldwide, providing better quality of life in the aging population, and significantly lowering medical costs in managing this condition.
evidence level3
citationLee Woojin (2026)
sourceCurrent State of Orthobiologics in Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis—Future Directions
topicCollagen Joint Pain Meta-Analysis
claim1 2 3 4 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 3 4 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Orthobiologics have been gaining popularity in recent years as both incidence and prevalence of joint osteoarthritis (OA) continue to increase globally [,,,].
evidence level3
citationLee Woojin (2026)
sourceCurrent State of Orthobiologics in Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis—Future Directions
topicCollagen Joint Pain Meta-Analysis
claim“Diabetes-related OA” refers to OA discussed in the context of diabetes-associated hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, carbonyl stress, AGE accumulation, and inflammatory–matrix alterations.
evidence level4
citationLi Jiayao (2026)
sourceDiabetes-Related Metabolic Osteoarthritis: Advanced Glycation–Collagen Axis, Cartilage Stiffening, and Biomaterials-Based Therapeutic Strategies
topicCollagen Joint Pain Meta-Analysis
claim“Metabolic OA” is a broader phenotype involving systemic metabolic dysfunction, including but not limited to diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, adipokine imbalance, and low-grade inflammation.,“Obesity-associated OA” emphasizes the combined contribution of excess mechanical loading and adipose-driven inflammatory/metabolic signaling.
evidence level4
citationLi Jiayao (2026)
sourceDiabetes-Related Metabolic Osteoarthritis: Advanced Glycation–Collagen Axis, Cartilage Stiffening, and Biomaterials-Based Therapeutic Strategies
topicCollagen Joint Pain Meta-Analysis
claim7 8 9–11 Within this conceptual framework, the advanced glycation–collagen (AGE–COL) axis provides a plausible molecular and biomechanical link between diabetes-associated metabolic stress and OA-relevant joint degeneration.
evidence level4
citationLi Jiayao (2026)
sourceDiabetes-Related Metabolic Osteoarthritis: Advanced Glycation–Collagen Axis, Cartilage Stiffening, and Biomaterials-Based Therapeutic Strategies
topicCollagen Joint Pain Meta-Analysis
claim1 2 3 4 Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease with a steadily rising global burden of disability.
evidence level4
citationLi Jiayao (2026)
sourceDiabetes-Related Metabolic Osteoarthritis: Advanced Glycation–Collagen Axis, Cartilage Stiffening, and Biomaterials-Based Therapeutic Strategies