Quick Answer
Citrus Bergamot Blood Pressure Meta-Analysis has evidence relevant to strength of evidence and what the studies can or cannot prove, but conclusions should stay close to the cited sources. One representative finding is: Data extraction was performed independently by two reviewers, and risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB tool.
Key Takeaways
- 01Data extraction was performed independently by two reviewers, and risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB tool. [Pehlivan S (2026)]
- 02Aromatherapy significantly reduced anxiety (SMD = − 0.46, 95% CI [–0.63, − 0.30], p < 0.00001), pain (SMD = − 1.29, 95% CI [–1.70, − 0.88], p < 0.00001), fatigue (SMD = − 0.79, 95% CI [–1.52, − 0.07], p = 0.03), and systolic (MD = − 3.72, 95% CI [–6.78, − 0.67], p = 0.02) and diastolic blood pressure (MD = − 2.30, 95% CI [–3.67, − 0.92], p = 0.001). [Pehlivan S (2026)]
- 03CONCLUSION: Aromatherapy appears to be a safe and promising complementary intervention for improving psychological well-being and physiological regulation in nursing and health sciences students. [Pehlivan S (2026)]
- 04BACKGROUND: Nursing and health sciences education involves intensive theoretical and clinical training that can expose students to psychological and physiological stressors, potentially affecting their well-being and academic success. [Pehlivan S (2026)]
The current Migaku evidence database contains 2 reusable source documents for Citrus Bergamot Blood Pressure Meta-Analysis. This answer focuses on strength of evidence and what the studies can or cannot prove.
- Data extraction was performed independently by two reviewers, and risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB tool. [Pehlivan S (2026); evidence level 1]
- Aromatherapy significantly reduced anxiety (SMD = − 0.46, 95% CI [–0.63, − 0.30], p < 0.00001), pain (SMD = − 1.29, 95% CI [–1.70, − 0.88], p < 0.00001), fatigue (SMD = − 0.79, 95% CI [–1.52, − 0.07], p = 0.03), and systolic (MD = − 3.72, 95% CI [–6.78, − 0.67], p = 0.02) and diastolic blood pressure (MD = − 2.30, 95% CI [–3.67, − 0.92], p = 0.001). [Pehlivan S (2026); evidence level 1]
- CONCLUSION: Aromatherapy appears to be a safe and promising complementary intervention for improving psychological well-being and physiological regulation in nursing and health sciences students. [Pehlivan S (2026); evidence level 1]
- BACKGROUND: Nursing and health sciences education involves intensive theoretical and clinical training that can expose students to psychological and physiological stressors, potentially affecting their well-being and academic success. [Pehlivan S (2026); evidence level 1]
- Epidemiological studies indicate that CRS affects a substantial proportion of patients, with an estimated prevalence of up to 0.4% in the general population and 2–3% in individuals with diabetes and heart failure, and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality [,]. [Carollo Caterina (2026); evidence level 3]
Evidence levels are sorting aids, not final clinical grades. Level 1 usually indicates systematic-review style evidence, level 2 indicates randomized trials or public-health guidance, and lower levels need more cautious wording.
This page is educational. People with medical conditions, pregnancy, medication use, or unusual symptoms should ask a qualified clinician before changing supplements, medication, or treatment routines.
Sources
- The effectiveness of aromatherapy interventions on psychological, physiological and academic outcomes in nursing and health sciences students: a meta-analysis.
- Nature’s Bioactives in Cardiorenal Syndrome: Polyphenols at the Crossroads—Preclinical Insights into Redox, Inflammation, and Mitochondrial Protection