topicWhey Protein Muscle Soreness Meta-Analysis
claimIf these processes are not adequately managed, performance in subsequent sessions may be compromised, and the risk of muscle injury may increase [,,].
evidence level1
citationSilva Díaz Verónica (2026)
sourceEffect of Polyphenol Supplementation on Post-Exercise Recovery in Adult Male Soccer Players: A Systematic Review
topicWhey Protein Muscle Soreness Meta-Analysis
claimAmong the proposed nutritional strategies, in addition to carbohydrates and proteins, the use of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols has been suggested due to their potential role in modulating inflammatory and oxidative processes associated with fatigue and recovery [].
evidence level1
citationSilva Díaz Verónica (2026)
sourceEffect of Polyphenol Supplementation on Post-Exercise Recovery in Adult Male Soccer Players: A Systematic Review
topicWhey Protein Muscle Soreness Meta-Analysis
claim12 13 14 12 13 15 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Polyphenols are plant-derived bioactive compounds found in fruits, vegetables, tea, cocoa, and other foods, and include flavonoids, phenolic acids, stilbenes, and other subgroups with diverse biological properties [,,].
evidence level1
citationSilva Díaz Verónica (2026)
sourceEffect of Polyphenol Supplementation on Post-Exercise Recovery in Adult Male Soccer Players: A Systematic Review
topicWhey Protein Muscle Soreness Meta-Analysis
claim1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Soccer is one of the most widely practiced and studied sports worldwide, characterized by high physiological demands that combine intermittent high-intensity efforts, repeated sprints, frequent accelerations and decelerations, changes in direction, and incomplete recovery periods [,,].
evidence level1
citationSilva Díaz Verónica (2026)
sourceEffect of Polyphenol Supplementation on Post-Exercise Recovery in Adult Male Soccer Players: A Systematic Review
topicWhey Protein Muscle Soreness Meta-Analysis
claim1 2 3 Trained athletes, who are considered to be individuals following organized exercise programs for at least six months, can be considered a specific group with increased nutritional demands and specialized physiological responses to nutritional supplements.
evidence level1
citationWang Ziyu (2026)
sourceComparative Effects of Dietary Protein, Creatine, and Omega-3 Supplementation on Muscle Strength, Endurance, and Recovery in Trained Athletes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
topicWhey Protein Muscle Soreness Meta-Analysis
claim4 2 5 Although the current body of evidence is large, it is fraught with important limitations that impair its translational value for athletic populations.
evidence level1
citationWang Ziyu (2026)
sourceComparative Effects of Dietary Protein, Creatine, and Omega-3 Supplementation on Muscle Strength, Endurance, and Recovery in Trained Athletes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
topicWhey Protein Muscle Soreness Meta-Analysis
claim6 Network meta-analysis, which provides a method of analysis, is able to overcome these challenges by simultaneously comparing a variety of interventions in a combined analysis of direct and indirect evidence [].
evidence level1
citationWang Ziyu (2026)
sourceComparative Effects of Dietary Protein, Creatine, and Omega-3 Supplementation on Muscle Strength, Endurance, and Recovery in Trained Athletes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
topicWhey Protein Muscle Soreness Meta-Analysis
claimAmong several nutritional supplements currently utilized, protein, creatine, and omega-3 fatty acids are recognized as the most well-examined and popular supplements consumed by athletes [,,].
evidence level1
citationWang Ziyu (2026)
sourceComparative Effects of Dietary Protein, Creatine, and Omega-3 Supplementation on Muscle Strength, Endurance, and Recovery in Trained Athletes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis