topicSpirulina Exercise Performance Meta-Analysis
claimAlgae supplementation showed a suggestive improvement in VO 2 max (SMD = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.00-1.75) and significantly improved in TTE (SMD = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.16-1.96), with smaller effects on WRmax (SMD = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.03-0.55), and no significant benefit for TT performance (SMD = -0.27, 95% CI: -0.74 to 0.21).
evidence level1
citationWei Y (2026)
sourceThe Effects of Seaweed and Microalgae Supplementation on Exercise Performance and Recovery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
topicSpirulina Exercise Performance Meta-Analysis
claimRegarding recovery, CK concentrations were significantly reduced (SMD = -0.78, 95% CI: -1.28 to -0.28).
evidence level1
citationWei Y (2026)
sourceThe Effects of Seaweed and Microalgae Supplementation on Exercise Performance and Recovery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
topicSpirulina Exercise Performance Meta-Analysis
claimSensitivity analyses supported the robustness of the main findings with minimal evidence of publication bias.
evidence level1
citationWei Y (2026)
sourceThe Effects of Seaweed and Microalgae Supplementation on Exercise Performance and Recovery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
topicSpirulina Exercise Performance Meta-Analysis
claimObjective: Seaweed and microalgae provide antioxidants, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and bioactive compounds that may enhance exercise performance and accelerate recovery.
evidence level1
citationWei Y (2026)
sourceThe Effects of Seaweed and Microalgae Supplementation on Exercise Performance and Recovery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
topicSpirulina Exercise Performance Meta-Analysis
claimImportantly, these biological changes manifest most meaningfully through declines in functional capacity, including reduced muscle strength, impaired metabolic regulation, diminished cognitive performance, and increased disease risk.
evidence level4
citationKurtz Jennifer A. (2026)
sourceTargeted Supplementation and Nutritional Strategies for Healthy Aging: A Review of Physiological and Molecular Benefits
topicSpirulina Exercise Performance Meta-Analysis
claimThis article aims to synthesize evidence from human studies evaluating dietary supplements that directly or indirectly modulate the recognized hallmarks of aging, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, and proteostasis.
evidence level4
citationKurtz Jennifer A. (2026)
sourceTargeted Supplementation and Nutritional Strategies for Healthy Aging: A Review of Physiological and Molecular Benefits
topicSpirulina Exercise Performance Meta-Analysis
claimRather than providing an exhaustive account of all supplements ever studied, this review focuses on representative compounds with the strongest or most emerging human evidence.
evidence level4
citationKurtz Jennifer A. (2026)
sourceTargeted Supplementation and Nutritional Strategies for Healthy Aging: A Review of Physiological and Molecular Benefits
topicSpirulina Exercise Performance Meta-Analysis
claimAging is a complex, multifaceted process marked by a gradual decline in physiological.
evidence level4
citationKurtz Jennifer A. (2026)
sourceTargeted Supplementation and Nutritional Strategies for Healthy Aging: A Review of Physiological and Molecular Benefits