topicPrebiotic Stress Meta-Analysis
claim1 2 3 Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder affecting approximately 8–13% of women of reproductive age and has been identified as a potential risk factor for cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS), representing a significant global public health concern [].
evidence level1
citationYin Tong (2026)
sourceGut microbiota, a new approach to management of polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-evidence of 26 randomized controlled trials
topicPrebiotic Stress Meta-Analysis
claimPCOS patients also have reduced follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), thus increasing the luteinizing hormone (LH)/FSH ratio, elevating androgen synthesis from theca cells in the ovarium, and finally causing hyperandrogenism [].
evidence level1
citationYin Tong (2026)
sourceGut microbiota, a new approach to management of polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-evidence of 26 randomized controlled trials
topicPrebiotic Stress Meta-Analysis
claimWomen with PCOS exhibit reduced alpha diversity and lower abundances of beneficial short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria.
evidence level1
citationYin Tong (2026)
sourceGut microbiota, a new approach to management of polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-evidence of 26 randomized controlled trials
topicPrebiotic Stress Meta-Analysis
claimThis condition is marked by numerous clinical and laboratory irregularities, such as menstrual dysfunction, insulin resistance, and obesity.
evidence level1
citationYin Tong (2026)
sourceGut microbiota, a new approach to management of polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-evidence of 26 randomized controlled trials
topicPrebiotic Stress Meta-Analysis
claimAmong the different forms of the disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) accounts for approximately 90–95% of all cases and is strongly associated with insulin resistance, excess adiposity, physical inactivity, and dietary patterns characterized by high consumption of energy-dense, highly processed foods [,].
evidence level3
citationTornero-Aguilera Jose Francisco (2026)
sourceCocoa-Based Plant Matrices in Glucose Metabolism: Bioactive Compounds and Redox Signaling
topicPrebiotic Stress Meta-Analysis
claim6 7 8 Over the past decades, the prevalence of diabetes has increased markedly worldwide, reaching levels of major public health concern.
evidence level3
citationTornero-Aguilera Jose Francisco (2026)
sourceCocoa-Based Plant Matrices in Glucose Metabolism: Bioactive Compounds and Redox Signaling
topicPrebiotic Stress Meta-Analysis
claimThe disease imposes a substantial economic burden on healthcare systems, reduces quality of life, and is associated with a marked increase in mortality risk.
evidence level3
citationTornero-Aguilera Jose Francisco (2026)
sourceCocoa-Based Plant Matrices in Glucose Metabolism: Bioactive Compounds and Redox Signaling
topicPrebiotic Stress Meta-Analysis
claim1 2 3 4 5 Diabetes mellitus comprises a complex and heterogeneous group of metabolic disorders characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from alterations in insulin secretion, insulin action, or a combination of both processes.
evidence level3
citationTornero-Aguilera Jose Francisco (2026)
sourceCocoa-Based Plant Matrices in Glucose Metabolism: Bioactive Compounds and Redox Signaling