topicPlant Sterols Triglycerides Meta-Analysis
claimDyslipidemias, particularly those associated with an increase in the circulating burden of atherogenic apolipoprotein (Apo) B-containing lipoproteins, such as hypercholesterolemia (elevated total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C]), hypertriglyceridemia (elevated triglycerides [TG]), and mixed dyslipidemia (elevated LDL-C and TG), are well-established ASCVD risk factors [,,].
evidence level3
citationMaki Kevin C. (2026)
sourceEffects of Dietary Protein Quantity, Source, and Type on Plasma Lipids and Lipoproteins and Their Roles in Dyslipidemia Management in Humans
topicPlant Sterols Triglycerides Meta-Analysis
claimLDL-C and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), which is calculated as the concentration of total cholesterol minus the concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and is a comprehensive measurement of cholesterol carried by all Apo B-containing lipoproteins, are the targets for therapies to lower ASCVD risk [].
evidence level3
citationMaki Kevin C. (2026)
sourceEffects of Dietary Protein Quantity, Source, and Type on Plasma Lipids and Lipoproteins and Their Roles in Dyslipidemia Management in Humans
topicPlant Sterols Triglycerides Meta-Analysis
claimChanges in both have been shown to predict changes in risk, and these relationships are believed to reflect a causal association of the burden of atherogenic lipoprotein particles with the initiation and progression of ASCVD.
evidence level3
citationMaki Kevin C. (2026)
sourceEffects of Dietary Protein Quantity, Source, and Type on Plasma Lipids and Lipoproteins and Their Roles in Dyslipidemia Management in Humans
topicPlant Sterols Triglycerides Meta-Analysis
claim1 1 2 3 4 5 6 Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide [].
evidence level3
citationMaki Kevin C. (2026)
sourceEffects of Dietary Protein Quantity, Source, and Type on Plasma Lipids and Lipoproteins and Their Roles in Dyslipidemia Management in Humans
topicPlant Sterols Triglycerides Meta-Analysis
claimThis shift reflects the broader understanding that residual cardiovascular risk persists even after LDL-lowering, due to persistent vascular inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and non-lipid contributors to plaque progression.
evidence level4
citationKovyanova Tatyana I. (2026)
sourceNon-Pharmacological Strategies in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Integration
topicPlant Sterols Triglycerides Meta-Analysis
claimThe classical paradigm—elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol as the primary driver—has been enriched by the recognition that residual cardiovascular risk persists even after aggressive LDL-lowering with statins and PCSK9 inhibitors.
evidence level4
citationKovyanova Tatyana I. (2026)
sourceNon-Pharmacological Strategies in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Integration
topicPlant Sterols Triglycerides Meta-Analysis
claimAn additional contributor to residual risk is elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], a genetically determined LDL-like particle enriched with oxidized phospholipids.
evidence level4
citationKovyanova Tatyana I. (2026)
sourceNon-Pharmacological Strategies in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Integration
topicPlant Sterols Triglycerides Meta-Analysis
claim1 Figure 1 Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains the single largest contributor to global morbidity and mortality, responsible for approximately 17.9 million deaths annually, with projections suggesting this figure could approach 23.6 million by 2030 [].
evidence level4
citationKovyanova Tatyana I. (2026)
sourceNon-Pharmacological Strategies in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Integration