topicPine Bark Blood Pressure Meta-Analysis
claimThis study explores the antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytocompatibility properties of aqueous Pinus pinaster bark extract (PBE).
evidence level4
citationBarros D (2025)
sourceCorrelation of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of the Aqueous <i>Pinus pinaster</i> Aiton Bark Extract Within a Cytocompatible Concentration Range.
topicPine Bark Blood Pressure Meta-Analysis
claimPBE was prepared using two solvent systems-100% distilled water and 1% DMSO in aqueous solution-at a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:20 ( w / v ), following ISO guidelines.
evidence level4
citationBarros D (2025)
sourceCorrelation of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of the Aqueous <i>Pinus pinaster</i> Aiton Bark Extract Within a Cytocompatible Concentration Range.
topicPine Bark Blood Pressure Meta-Analysis
claimRhabdomyolysis can cause complications such as acute kidney injury (AKI), with common etiologies including strenuous exercise, trauma, medications, and toxins.
evidence level4
citationKermanshah A (2025)
sourceRhabdomyolysis Associated With Excess Pycnogenol (Maritime Pine Bark Extract): A Case Report.
topicPine Bark Blood Pressure Meta-Analysis
claimGiven that creatine kinase (CK) levels of about 100,000 U/L are rare, this level of elevation may indicate the presence of an underlying contributor, such as excessive Pycnogenol intake, emphasizing the importance of taking a thorough patient history to identify factors that may otherwise be overlooked.
evidence level4
citationKermanshah A (2025)
sourceRhabdomyolysis Associated With Excess Pycnogenol (Maritime Pine Bark Extract): A Case Report.