topicLactoferrin Supplementation Acne Meta-Analysis
claimCutibacterium acnes Propionibacterium acnes 6 7 The pathogenesis of acne is multifactorial, arising from the interplay of increased sebum production, abnormal follicular keratinization, colonization with(formerly), and inflammation with contributions from genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors [].
evidence level1
citationWarp Peyton V. (2026)
sourcePrebiotics, Probiotics, and Postbiotics for Acne Vulgaris: A Systematic Review
topicLactoferrin Supplementation Acne Meta-Analysis
claimLimited studies of gut microbiota in patients with acne have identified overall reduced diversity, a higher Bacteroidetes:Firmicutes ratio, enrichment of Proteobacteria, depletion of Actinobacteria, and loss of beneficial genera, includingand[–].
evidence level1
citationWarp Peyton V. (2026)
sourcePrebiotics, Probiotics, and Postbiotics for Acne Vulgaris: A Systematic Review
topicLactoferrin Supplementation Acne Meta-Analysis
claimSeveral studies had unclear risk in selective reporting and performance bias, though outcome data were typically transparent and comprehensive.
evidence level1
citationWarp Peyton V. (2026)
sourcePrebiotics, Probiotics, and Postbiotics for Acne Vulgaris: A Systematic Review
topicLactoferrin Supplementation Acne Meta-Analysis
claimThe gut–skin axis and human microbiome likely play a role in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris.
evidence level1
citationWarp Peyton V. (2026)
sourcePrebiotics, Probiotics, and Postbiotics for Acne Vulgaris: A Systematic Review
topicLactoferrin Supplementation Acne Meta-Analysis
claimWe link mechanistic insights with clinical and preclinical evidence and uniquely map molecular functions to dermatologic and trichologic outcomes.
evidence level4
citationKaplan N (2026)
sourceThe Protective and Regenerative Potential of Lactoferrin in Hair and Skin Health.
topicLactoferrin Supplementation Acne Meta-Analysis
claimLactoferrin is a naturally occurring bioactive glycoprotein that is part of the body's innate immune system and has essential roles in iron metabolism, microbial defense, inflammation regulation, and tissue repair.
evidence level4
citationKaplan N (2026)
sourceThe Protective and Regenerative Potential of Lactoferrin in Hair and Skin Health.
topicLactoferrin Supplementation Acne Meta-Analysis
claimIt supports the natural regulation of iron bioavailability in skin and hair follicles, helping to reduce excess free-iron-driven oxidative stress while preserving levels of necessary iron for cellular functions.
evidence level4
citationKaplan N (2026)
sourceThe Protective and Regenerative Potential of Lactoferrin in Hair and Skin Health.