Structured evidence table for Ketone Supplement Exercise Performance Meta-Analysis, generated from 2 reusable source documents in the Migaku knowledge base.
| topic | claim | evidence level | citation | source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ketone Supplement Exercise Performance Meta-Analysis | EK supplementation was associated with a statistically significant improvement in cognitive performance compared with placebo (SMD = 0.29, 95% CI 0.16-0.41; p p = 0.083), study duration (acute vs. | 1 | Bonnechère B (2026) | The effect of exogenous ketone bodies on cognition across health and disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. |
| Ketone Supplement Exercise Performance Meta-Analysis | Discussion EK supplementation is associated with modest improvements in cognitive performance across diverse populations and study designs. | 1 | Bonnechère B (2026) | The effect of exogenous ketone bodies on cognition across health and disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. |
| Ketone Supplement Exercise Performance Meta-Analysis | Introduction Cognitive function is closely linked to brain energy metabolism and may be compromised by aging, metabolic stress, and neuropsychiatric disease. | 1 | Bonnechère B (2026) | The effect of exogenous ketone bodies on cognition across health and disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. |
| Ketone Supplement Exercise Performance Meta-Analysis | Ketone bodies can serve as an alternative cerebral fuel and may also exert signaling effects relevant to cognition. | 1 | Bonnechère B (2026) | The effect of exogenous ketone bodies on cognition across health and disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. |
| Ketone Supplement Exercise Performance Meta-Analysis | All participants met the classification of being Tier 2 athletes [], and habitual caffeine use was chosen to minimize the risk of adverse events from unaccustomed caffeine intake. | 4 | Pavis George F. (2026) | An extract from whole Coffea arabica coffee cherry improves time trial performance, but not muscle glycogen resynthesis, in trained cyclists |
| Ketone Supplement Exercise Performance Meta-Analysis | From baseline, plasma caffeine concentration remained unchanged with PLA throughout SS, but was elevated by CB immediately prior to, and at 10, 20 and 30 mins of SS (interaction < 0.001; all timepoints increased from baseline, and greater than PLA; post hoc < 0.001). | 4 | Pavis George F. (2026) | An extract from whole Coffea arabica coffee cherry improves time trial performance, but not muscle glycogen resynthesis, in trained cyclists |
| Ketone Supplement Exercise Performance Meta-Analysis | However, plasma caffeine further increased from 0 to 4 h of recovery with CB (interaction < 0.001; all timepoints within 4 h increased, and greater than PLA; post hoc < 0.01). | 4 | Pavis George F. (2026) | An extract from whole Coffea arabica coffee cherry improves time trial performance, but not muscle glycogen resynthesis, in trained cyclists |
| Ketone Supplement Exercise Performance Meta-Analysis | 1–3 4 5 6 Coffea arabica Caffeine-containing supplements are among the most commonly used nutritional supplements by recreational and elite athletes, optimizing exercise performance and/or reducing effort perception []. | 4 | Pavis George F. (2026) | An extract from whole Coffea arabica coffee cherry improves time trial performance, but not muscle glycogen resynthesis, in trained cyclists |
Source documents