topicGuarana Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimDespite variation in population-based habitual consumption, moderate long-term caffeine intake (up to 400 mg/day) is not linked to adverse effects on male fertility, behavior, cancer risk, calcium balance, or cardiovascular health [].
evidence level1
citationHack Brian (2023)
sourceEffect of Guarana ( Paullinia cupana ) on Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
topicGuarana Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimThese include a range of health outcomes associated with reductions in chronic fatigue in cancer patients [,], short-term weight and fat loss [], and potentially protective effects against metabolic disorders in elderly subjects in habitual consumers [].
evidence level1
citationHack Brian (2023)
sourceEffect of Guarana ( Paullinia cupana ) on Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
topicGuarana Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimHowever, a recent meta-analysis established that chronic supplementation of guarana did not reduce perceived fatigue in cancer patients and the quality of experimental evidence was rated as low [].
evidence level1
citationHack Brian (2023)
sourceEffect of Guarana ( Paullinia cupana ) on Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
topicGuarana Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claim1 2 3 Nutritional ergogenic aids may increase human performance by different mechanisms.
evidence level1
citationHack Brian (2023)
sourceEffect of Guarana ( Paullinia cupana ) on Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
topicGuarana Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimGuarana significantly improved TMT-A performance compared with placebo ( p = 0.005, η 2 p = 0.05), whereas no significant differences were observed for TMT-B ( p = 0.08, η 2 p = 0.02).
evidence level4
citationRekik S (2026)
sourceAcute Effects of Guarana (<i>Paullinia cupana</i>) Supplementation on Cognitive Performance, Technical Skills, and Physiological Responses in Amateur Soccer Players.
topicGuarana Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimA significant Group × Time interaction was found for total LSPT performance time ( p = 0.01, η 2 p = 0.06), driven by a significant technical performance optimization at pre-exercise ( p p > 0.05).
evidence level4
citationRekik S (2026)
sourceAcute Effects of Guarana (<i>Paullinia cupana</i>) Supplementation on Cognitive Performance, Technical Skills, and Physiological Responses in Amateur Soccer Players.
topicGuarana Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimConcurrently, it significantly reduced perceived mental exertion ( p p p > 0.05).
evidence level4
citationRekik S (2026)
sourceAcute Effects of Guarana (<i>Paullinia cupana</i>) Supplementation on Cognitive Performance, Technical Skills, and Physiological Responses in Amateur Soccer Players.
topicGuarana Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimThis study investigated the acute effects of guarana supplementation on cognitive, technical, physiological, and psychological responses in soccer players prior to, during, and following high-intensity 4 vs.
evidence level4
citationRekik S (2026)
sourceAcute Effects of Guarana (<i>Paullinia cupana</i>) Supplementation on Cognitive Performance, Technical Skills, and Physiological Responses in Amateur Soccer Players.
topicGuarana Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimThis narrative review synthesizes evidence on naturally derived compounds that influence these pathways, including guayusa, guarana, Alpinia galanga , theobromine, L-citrulline, beetroot extract, cordyceps, and niacin, as well as natural sweeteners such as monk fruit and stevia.
evidence level4
citationPanda R (2026)
sourceSynergistic Actions of Natural Compounds for Enhancing Cognitive and Physical Performance: A Narrative Review.
topicGuarana Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimEvidence suggests that these agents may support cognitive performance, oxygen efficiency, vascular perfusion, and cellular energy capacity through mechanisms distinct from those of traditional energy drinks.
evidence level4
citationPanda R (2026)
sourceSynergistic Actions of Natural Compounds for Enhancing Cognitive and Physical Performance: A Narrative Review.
topicGuarana Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimEnergy drinks are widely consumed for cognitive and physical enhancement, yet most commercial formulations rely on a narrow mechanism: rapid stimulation from synthetic caffeine combined with artificial sweeteners.
evidence level4
citationPanda R (2026)
sourceSynergistic Actions of Natural Compounds for Enhancing Cognitive and Physical Performance: A Narrative Review.
topicGuarana Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimThis stimulant-centric strategy overlooks the multidimensional physiology underlying sustained human energy, which emerges from interactions among neurocognitive activation, nitric oxide-mediated vascular function, mitochondrial ATP production, and metabolic homeostasis.
evidence level4
citationPanda R (2026)
sourceSynergistic Actions of Natural Compounds for Enhancing Cognitive and Physical Performance: A Narrative Review.