topicCopper Cognition Meta-Analysis
claimThe methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool.
evidence level1
citationTang J (2026)
sourceEffects of different exercises on motor and non-motor abilities in patients with Parkinson disease-a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
topicCopper Cognition Meta-Analysis
claimNetwork meta-analysis results indicated that WT most effectively improved UPDRS-III (SUCRA=92.5%); DT was most effective in improving TUG (SUCRA=89.9%) and 6MWT (SUCRA=73.3%); NW best improved BBS (SUCRA=91.1%) and MoCA (SUCRA=91.1%).
evidence level1
citationTang J (2026)
sourceEffects of different exercises on motor and non-motor abilities in patients with Parkinson disease-a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
topicCopper Cognition Meta-Analysis
claimConclusion Current evidence suggests that exercise involving walking and dance, which stimulates neural regulation, can help improve motor function and cognitive abilities in people with Parkinson's disease.
evidence level1
citationTang J (2026)
sourceEffects of different exercises on motor and non-motor abilities in patients with Parkinson disease-a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
topicCopper Cognition Meta-Analysis
claimObjective To systematically investigate and evaluate the effects of different exercise (TT: treadmill training; ST: sensorimotor training; NW: Nordic walking; CT: cycling training; WT: walking training; DT: dance training; VRT: VR training; RT: resistance training; AQT: aquatic training; BOX: boxing training; Qigong and Yoga) modalities on both motor and non-motor abilities in patients with Parkinson's disease.
evidence level1
citationTang J (2026)
sourceEffects of different exercises on motor and non-motor abilities in patients with Parkinson disease-a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
topicCopper Cognition Meta-Analysis
claimThis decline creates substantial personal and social challenges, making early identification of risk factors essential for effective intervention.
evidence level4
citationKhan SF (2026)
sourceThe Impact of Chemical Toxicants and Air Pollutants on Neurodegenerative Disorders and Their Underlying Potential Mechanisms: A Literature Review.
topicCopper Cognition Meta-Analysis
claimConclusion The findings emphasize the need to understand the mechanisms by which environmental toxicants contribute to neurodegenerative diseases.
evidence level4
citationKhan SF (2026)
sourceThe Impact of Chemical Toxicants and Air Pollutants on Neurodegenerative Disorders and Their Underlying Potential Mechanisms: A Literature Review.
topicCopper Cognition Meta-Analysis
claimEarly detection and management, including reduced exposure to harmful substances, are vital.
evidence level4
citationKhan SF (2026)
sourceThe Impact of Chemical Toxicants and Air Pollutants on Neurodegenerative Disorders and Their Underlying Potential Mechanisms: A Literature Review.
topicCopper Cognition Meta-Analysis
claimBackground and aims Neurodegenerative disorders are marked by progressive deterioration of neurons, affecting cognitive, memory, and motor functions.
evidence level4
citationKhan SF (2026)
sourceThe Impact of Chemical Toxicants and Air Pollutants on Neurodegenerative Disorders and Their Underlying Potential Mechanisms: A Literature Review.