evidence table

Cocoa Cognition Meta-Analysis Evidence Table

Structured evidence table for Cocoa Cognition Meta-Analysis, generated from 2 reusable source documents in the Migaku knowledge base.

topicclaimevidence levelcitationsource
Cocoa Cognition Meta-AnalysisAlthough with a lesser degree of evidence than established dementia risk factors such as low education, visual impairment, diabetes, hypertension or social isolation, evidence is accumulating on the relationship between dietary factors and cognitive functioning [].2Ros Emilio (2026)Are avocados good for the brain? Most likely yes, in spite of their lack of effect on cognitive performance in a well-conducted 6-month randomized controlled trial
Cocoa Cognition Meta-AnalysisCohort studies suggest that consumption of healthy foods and adherence to plant-based dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, are associated with reduced risk of cognitive disorders [,,].2Ros Emilio (2026)Are avocados good for the brain? Most likely yes, in spite of their lack of effect on cognitive performance in a well-conducted 6-month randomized controlled trial
Cocoa Cognition Meta-AnalysisMediterranean-type dietary patterns are reputed as both heart-healthy and environmentally sustainable []; additionally, evidence from prospective studies suggest a favorable association with cognitive decline, but no clear link with all-cause dementia or Alzheimer’s disease, the most frequent cause of dementia [,,].2Ros Emilio (2026)Are avocados good for the brain? Most likely yes, in spite of their lack of effect on cognitive performance in a well-conducted 6-month randomized controlled trial
Cocoa Cognition Meta-Analysis1 [2] [3] [4] 5 2 3 6 As population ages, cognitive decline and dementia are becoming leading causes of disability worldwide.2Ros Emilio (2026)Are avocados good for the brain? Most likely yes, in spite of their lack of effect on cognitive performance in a well-conducted 6-month randomized controlled trial
Cocoa Cognition Meta-AnalysisPolyphenols strengthen the intestinal barrier and reduce endotoxemia; cocoa bean shell extracts protected against oxysterol‐induced intestinal damage and improved gut microbiota composition in preclinical models (Alia et al. ).3Akif Adnan (2026)Dietary Polyphenols in Non‐Communicable Chronic Diseases: Neuro–Enteric Mechanisms, Multi‐Omics Biomarkers and Translational Opportunities
Cocoa Cognition Meta-AnalysisWhile many epidemiological studies correlate polyphenol‐rich diets (e.g., Mediterranean diet) with reduced NCCD risk, causality is uncertain due to confounding and measurement error.3Akif Adnan (2026)Dietary Polyphenols in Non‐Communicable Chronic Diseases: Neuro–Enteric Mechanisms, Multi‐Omics Biomarkers and Translational Opportunities
Cocoa Cognition Meta-AnalysisControlled trials provide more robust evidence but vary widely in doses, formulations, populations and endpoints.3Akif Adnan (2026)Dietary Polyphenols in Non‐Communicable Chronic Diseases: Neuro–Enteric Mechanisms, Multi‐Omics Biomarkers and Translational Opportunities
Cocoa Cognition Meta-AnalysisAMP BBB CNS COMT COSMOS CRP (hs‐CRP) CSF EGCG ENB‐2 (ENB) ENS EVOO FMD GAD‐7 (GAD) GM‐CSF (GM) HDL HOMA‐IR (HOMA) IBS IL IR LDL LPS MCI MMSE NADPH NCCD (NCCDs) PHGG PHQ‐9 (PHQ) PSQI PWV RBANS RCT SCFA SD TNF (TNF‐α) 2024 Non‐communicable chronic diseases account for the majority of morbidity and mortality worldwide.3Akif Adnan (2026)Dietary Polyphenols in Non‐Communicable Chronic Diseases: Neuro–Enteric Mechanisms, Multi‐Omics Biomarkers and Translational Opportunities
topicCocoa Cognition Meta-Analysis
claimAlthough with a lesser degree of evidence than established dementia risk factors such as low education, visual impairment, diabetes, hypertension or social isolation, evidence is accumulating on the relationship between dietary factors and cognitive functioning [].
evidence level2
citationRos Emilio (2026)
sourceAre avocados good for the brain? Most likely yes, in spite of their lack of effect on cognitive performance in a well-conducted 6-month randomized controlled trial
topicCocoa Cognition Meta-Analysis
claimCohort studies suggest that consumption of healthy foods and adherence to plant-based dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, are associated with reduced risk of cognitive disorders [,,].
evidence level2
citationRos Emilio (2026)
sourceAre avocados good for the brain? Most likely yes, in spite of their lack of effect on cognitive performance in a well-conducted 6-month randomized controlled trial
topicCocoa Cognition Meta-Analysis
claimMediterranean-type dietary patterns are reputed as both heart-healthy and environmentally sustainable []; additionally, evidence from prospective studies suggest a favorable association with cognitive decline, but no clear link with all-cause dementia or Alzheimer’s disease, the most frequent cause of dementia [,,].
evidence level2
citationRos Emilio (2026)
sourceAre avocados good for the brain? Most likely yes, in spite of their lack of effect on cognitive performance in a well-conducted 6-month randomized controlled trial
topicCocoa Cognition Meta-Analysis
claim1 [2] [3] [4] 5 2 3 6 As population ages, cognitive decline and dementia are becoming leading causes of disability worldwide.
evidence level2
citationRos Emilio (2026)
sourceAre avocados good for the brain? Most likely yes, in spite of their lack of effect on cognitive performance in a well-conducted 6-month randomized controlled trial
topicCocoa Cognition Meta-Analysis
claimPolyphenols strengthen the intestinal barrier and reduce endotoxemia; cocoa bean shell extracts protected against oxysterol‐induced intestinal damage and improved gut microbiota composition in preclinical models (Alia et al. ).
evidence level3
citationAkif Adnan (2026)
sourceDietary Polyphenols in Non‐Communicable Chronic Diseases: Neuro–Enteric Mechanisms, Multi‐Omics Biomarkers and Translational Opportunities
topicCocoa Cognition Meta-Analysis
claimWhile many epidemiological studies correlate polyphenol‐rich diets (e.g., Mediterranean diet) with reduced NCCD risk, causality is uncertain due to confounding and measurement error.
evidence level3
citationAkif Adnan (2026)
sourceDietary Polyphenols in Non‐Communicable Chronic Diseases: Neuro–Enteric Mechanisms, Multi‐Omics Biomarkers and Translational Opportunities
topicCocoa Cognition Meta-Analysis
claimControlled trials provide more robust evidence but vary widely in doses, formulations, populations and endpoints.
evidence level3
citationAkif Adnan (2026)
sourceDietary Polyphenols in Non‐Communicable Chronic Diseases: Neuro–Enteric Mechanisms, Multi‐Omics Biomarkers and Translational Opportunities
topicCocoa Cognition Meta-Analysis
claimAMP BBB CNS COMT COSMOS CRP (hs‐CRP) CSF EGCG ENB‐2 (ENB) ENS EVOO FMD GAD‐7 (GAD) GM‐CSF (GM) HDL HOMA‐IR (HOMA) IBS IL IR LDL LPS MCI MMSE NADPH NCCD (NCCDs) PHGG PHQ‐9 (PHQ) PSQI PWV RBANS RCT SCFA SD TNF (TNF‐α) 2024 Non‐communicable chronic diseases account for the majority of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
evidence level3
citationAkif Adnan (2026)
sourceDietary Polyphenols in Non‐Communicable Chronic Diseases: Neuro–Enteric Mechanisms, Multi‐Omics Biomarkers and Translational Opportunities

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Source documents

  1. Are avocados good for the brain? Most likely yes, in spite of their lack of effect on cognitive performance in a well-conducted 6-month randomized controlled trial
  2. Dietary Polyphenols in Non‐Communicable Chronic Diseases: Neuro–Enteric Mechanisms, Multi‐Omics Biomarkers and Translational Opportunities