topicCitrulline Endurance Meta-Analysis
claim1 2 2 3 4 8 Energy drink consumption has grown exponentially across adolescents, young adults, athletes, and shift workers, driven by demands for prolonged alertness and improved performance [].
evidence level4
citationMuacevic Alexander (2026)
sourceSynergistic Actions of Natural Compounds for Enhancing Cognitive and Physical Performance: A Narrative Review
topicCitrulline Endurance Meta-Analysis
claimBecause of heterogeneity in study designs, populations, dosing regimens, and outcome measures, no formal risk-of-bias tool or quantitative meta-analysis was applied.
evidence level4
citationMuacevic Alexander (2026)
sourceSynergistic Actions of Natural Compounds for Enhancing Cognitive and Physical Performance: A Narrative Review
topicCitrulline Endurance Meta-Analysis
claimCompared with synthetic caffeine, guayusa has been associated with smoother stimulant effects, possibly due to theobromine’s longer half-life and its vasodilatory properties [,,].
evidence level4
citationMuacevic Alexander (2026)
sourceSynergistic Actions of Natural Compounds for Enhancing Cognitive and Physical Performance: A Narrative Review
topicCitrulline Endurance Meta-Analysis
claimDespite this widespread use, most commercial formulations rely almost exclusively on synthetic caffeine as their functional backbone [].
evidence level4
citationMuacevic Alexander (2026)
sourceSynergistic Actions of Natural Compounds for Enhancing Cognitive and Physical Performance: A Narrative Review