evidence table
Caffeine and Sleep Evidence Table
Structured evidence table for Caffeine and Sleep, generated from 2 reusable source documents in the Migaku knowledge base.
| topic | claim | evidence level | citation | source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caffeine and Sleep | Results Compared with the placebo, the combined caffeine + paraxanthine condition was associated with faster 2000-m performance and higher mean power output ( p = 0.044; Cohen's d = 0.30). | 2 | Bingol Diedhiou A (2026) | Comparative effects of caffeine and paraxanthine on rowing performance and sleep quality: a randomized crossover study. |
| Caffeine and Sleep | Caffeine alone and paraxanthine alone did not show clear evidence of performance improvement in this sample, although estimates favored both conditions versus placebo. | 2 | Bingol Diedhiou A (2026) | Comparative effects of caffeine and paraxanthine on rowing performance and sleep quality: a randomized crossover study. |
| Caffeine and Sleep | Conditions containing caffeine were associated with poorer subjective sleep quality, whereas paraxanthine alone showed more favorable sleep-related outcomes. | 2 | Bingol Diedhiou A (2026) | Comparative effects of caffeine and paraxanthine on rowing performance and sleep quality: a randomized crossover study. |
| Caffeine and Sleep | Background Although caffeine is widely used in athletes due to its ergogenic effects, the effects of its main metabolite, paraxanthine, on performance and sleep have not been adequately investigated. | 2 | Bingol Diedhiou A (2026) | Comparative effects of caffeine and paraxanthine on rowing performance and sleep quality: a randomized crossover study. |
| Caffeine and Sleep | 8 9 10 11 Long-term observational studies have repeatedly suggested that habitual coffee and caffeine consumption is associated with a lower risk of clinically diagnosed depression, particularly among women [,]. | 3 | Turkowska Iwona (2026) | Coffee and Caffeine in Depression: Symptom-Level Modulation and Challenges in Nutripsychiatric Interpretation |
| Caffeine and Sleep | In practice, higher coffee intake may co-occur with structured daily routines, occupational engagement and social activity, which are factors that are independently associated with better mental health and are often adjusted for in epidemiological studies [,]. | 3 | Turkowska Iwona (2026) | Coffee and Caffeine in Depression: Symptom-Level Modulation and Challenges in Nutripsychiatric Interpretation |
| Caffeine and Sleep | 13 14 15 1 16 17 At the same time, a growing body of evidence indicates that excessive caffeine intake may have unfavourable psychological consequences []. | 3 | Turkowska Iwona (2026) | Coffee and Caffeine in Depression: Symptom-Level Modulation and Challenges in Nutripsychiatric Interpretation |
| Caffeine and Sleep | 1 2 Depression remains one of the leading causes of disability worldwide and continues to represent a major clinical and public health challenge []. | 3 | Turkowska Iwona (2026) | Coffee and Caffeine in Depression: Symptom-Level Modulation and Challenges in Nutripsychiatric Interpretation |
Source documents