topicBlack Currant Exercise Recovery Meta-Analysis
claimThese products are commonly consumed for reasons including convenience, reduced sugar intake compared to whole-food alternatives, limited availability of specific foods, and individual dietary preferences.
evidence level4
citationKumkum Ravish (2026)
sourceAnthocyanin-Rich Pigment Supplements in the Australian Online Market: Sources, Labelling Practices, and Bioactivity Claims
topicBlack Currant Exercise Recovery Meta-Analysis
claimIn addition, available evidence suggests that anthocyanins are generally well tolerated, and human and animal intervention studies have not identified any major safety concerns at commonly studied doses [,].
evidence level4
citationKumkum Ravish (2026)
sourceAnthocyanin-Rich Pigment Supplements in the Australian Online Market: Sources, Labelling Practices, and Bioactivity Claims
topicBlack Currant Exercise Recovery Meta-Analysis
claimThe most common extract ratios were 4:1 and 10:1, primarily found in bilberry, elderberry, tart cherry, acai berry, cranberry, and hawthorn berry.
evidence level4
citationKumkum Ravish (2026)
sourceAnthocyanin-Rich Pigment Supplements in the Australian Online Market: Sources, Labelling Practices, and Bioactivity Claims
topicBlack Currant Exercise Recovery Meta-Analysis
claim1 2 1 Anthocyanins are naturally occurring, water-soluble polyphenolic pigments responsible for the bright red-orange to blue-violet colours observed in many plant-based foods, including fruits, vegetables, stems, leaves, and flowers [].
evidence level4
citationKumkum Ravish (2026)
sourceAnthocyanin-Rich Pigment Supplements in the Australian Online Market: Sources, Labelling Practices, and Bioactivity Claims
topicBlack Currant Exercise Recovery Meta-Analysis
claimAs a result, professional and recreational athletes need to carefully consider their dietary choices to optimize performance.
evidence level4
citationBuckley Jonathan D (2026)
sourceSports Nutrition
topicBlack Currant Exercise Recovery Meta-Analysis
claim[] showed that consuming 300 mg caffeine improved mean power output during a 20-min cycle time-trial by ∼5% compared with fasting or carbohydrate consumption.
evidence level4
citationBuckley Jonathan D (2026)
sourceSports Nutrition
topicBlack Currant Exercise Recovery Meta-Analysis
claim[] showed that doses of 3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg consumed 60 min before testing improved treadmill run time to exhaustion during the Bruce Protocol by ∼6% compared with placebo and improved vertical jump performance by ∼5%, but performance improvements did not differ between the 3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg doses.
evidence level4
citationBuckley Jonathan D (2026)
sourceSports Nutrition
topicBlack Currant Exercise Recovery Meta-Analysis
claimHowever, what constitutes “proper” nutrition is unclear and can vary between events that have differing demands.
evidence level4
citationBuckley Jonathan D (2026)
sourceSports Nutrition