topicUrolithin A Cognition Randomized Trial
claimPolyphenols strengthen the intestinal barrier and reduce endotoxemia; cocoa bean shell extracts protected against oxysterol‐induced intestinal damage and improved gut microbiota composition in preclinical models (Alia et al. ).
evidence level3
citationAkif Adnan (2026)
sourceDietary Polyphenols in Non‐Communicable Chronic Diseases: Neuro–Enteric Mechanisms, Multi‐Omics Biomarkers and Translational Opportunities
topicUrolithin A Cognition Randomized Trial
claimWhile many epidemiological studies correlate polyphenol‐rich diets (e.g., Mediterranean diet) with reduced NCCD risk, causality is uncertain due to confounding and measurement error.
evidence level3
citationAkif Adnan (2026)
sourceDietary Polyphenols in Non‐Communicable Chronic Diseases: Neuro–Enteric Mechanisms, Multi‐Omics Biomarkers and Translational Opportunities
topicUrolithin A Cognition Randomized Trial
claimControlled trials provide more robust evidence but vary widely in doses, formulations, populations and endpoints.
evidence level3
citationAkif Adnan (2026)
sourceDietary Polyphenols in Non‐Communicable Chronic Diseases: Neuro–Enteric Mechanisms, Multi‐Omics Biomarkers and Translational Opportunities
topicUrolithin A Cognition Randomized Trial
claimAMP BBB CNS COMT COSMOS CRP (hs‐CRP) CSF EGCG ENB‐2 (ENB) ENS EVOO FMD GAD‐7 (GAD) GM‐CSF (GM) HDL HOMA‐IR (HOMA) IBS IL IR LDL LPS MCI MMSE NADPH NCCD (NCCDs) PHGG PHQ‐9 (PHQ) PSQI PWV RBANS RCT SCFA SD TNF (TNF‐α) 2024 Non‐communicable chronic diseases account for the majority of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
evidence level3
citationAkif Adnan (2026)
sourceDietary Polyphenols in Non‐Communicable Chronic Diseases: Neuro–Enteric Mechanisms, Multi‐Omics Biomarkers and Translational Opportunities
topicUrolithin A Cognition Randomized Trial
claimThis review summarizes current evidence on nutritional compounds that target aging-related pathways, focusing on interventions that influence mitochondrial health, cognitive performance, immune function, metabolic regulation, and maintenance of muscle mass in older adults.
evidence level4
citationKurtz JA (2026)
sourceTargeted Supplementation and Nutritional Strategies for Healthy Aging: A Review of Physiological and Molecular Benefits.
topicUrolithin A Cognition Randomized Trial
claimRecent findings Evidence indicates that several targeted nutrients, including protein, probiotics, antioxidants, and emerging mitochondrial-support compounds, may contribute to healthy aging.
evidence level4
citationKurtz JA (2026)
sourceTargeted Supplementation and Nutritional Strategies for Healthy Aging: A Review of Physiological and Molecular Benefits.
topicUrolithin A Cognition Randomized Trial
claimA personalized, evidence-informed supplementation strategy integrated with exercise and balanced nutrition may help optimize physiological function in aging adults.
evidence level4
citationKurtz JA (2026)
sourceTargeted Supplementation and Nutritional Strategies for Healthy Aging: A Review of Physiological and Molecular Benefits.
topicUrolithin A Cognition Randomized Trial
claimPurpose of review Aging is marked by progressive physiological decline driven by chronic inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired metabolic and musculoskeletal resilience.
evidence level4
citationKurtz JA (2026)
sourceTargeted Supplementation and Nutritional Strategies for Healthy Aging: A Review of Physiological and Molecular Benefits.