topicSafflower Oil Lipid Profile Randomized Trial
claimThe 30-45% sucrose fraction showed the most favorable physicochemical profile and preliminary in vitro protective effects, including improved IPEC-J2 cell metabolic activity and modulation of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-induced inflammation-related gene expression.
evidence level4
citationLuo Y (2026)
sourceIsolation, Characterization, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of <i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L. Leaf-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles in ETEC-Challenged IPEC-J2 Cells.
topicSafflower Oil Lipid Profile Randomized Trial
claimIts seeds and flowers are primarily processed for edible oil and medicinal raw materials, while stems and leaves are discarded as agricultural waste.
evidence level4
citationLuo Y (2026)
sourceIsolation, Characterization, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of <i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L. Leaf-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles in ETEC-Challenged IPEC-J2 Cells.
topicSafflower Oil Lipid Profile Randomized Trial
claimRecently, plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PELNs) have gained growing research interest in food nutrition owing to their exceptional biocompatibility and relatively low cost for large-scale production.
evidence level4
citationLuo Y (2026)
sourceIsolation, Characterization, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of <i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L. Leaf-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles in ETEC-Challenged IPEC-J2 Cells.
topicSafflower Oil Lipid Profile Randomized Trial
claimNRC, 1994 Aviagen, 2022 Lilburn, 1998 Lilburn and Loeffler, 2015 Despite the significance of fatty acids in poultry nutrition, nutrient requirement guidelines for broilers primarily recommend linoleic acid, with dietary inclusion levels ranging from 10 to 12.5 g/kg (;).
evidence level4
citationAkbari Moghaddam Kakhki Reza (2025)
sourceEffects of dietary oil source in pre-starter diets on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and organ weights in broiler chickens
topicSafflower Oil Lipid Profile Randomized Trial
claimNoy and Sklan, 1995 Batal and Parsons, 2002 Although, evidence suggests that chicks may possess sufficient lipid digestion capacity early post-hatch (;), few have specifically examined the effects of pre-starter lipid composition, particularly oleic and palmitic acids, on nutrient utilization and digestive organ development during the early post-hatch period.
evidence level4
citationAkbari Moghaddam Kakhki Reza (2025)
sourceEffects of dietary oil source in pre-starter diets on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and organ weights in broiler chickens
topicSafflower Oil Lipid Profile Randomized Trial
claimEE content increased progressively from the soybean oil diet (51.5 g/kg) to the sunflower oil diet (65.0 g/kg), with all analyzed values exceeding the calculated value of 53.1 g/kg.
evidence level4
citationAkbari Moghaddam Kakhki Reza (2025)
sourceEffects of dietary oil source in pre-starter diets on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and organ weights in broiler chickens
topicSafflower Oil Lipid Profile Randomized Trial
claimCherian, 2015 The egg yolk, the primary nutrient reservoir for the developing chicken embryo, is composed of approximately 51–52 % water, 16–17 % protein, and 31–33 % lipids ().
evidence level4
citationAkbari Moghaddam Kakhki Reza (2025)
sourceEffects of dietary oil source in pre-starter diets on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and organ weights in broiler chickens