topicRibose Exercise Fatigue Randomized Trial
claimIf pyruvate cannot be completely metabolized by aerobic oxidation, LDHA will mediate the transformation of pyruvate into lactate; in contrast, LDHB mediates the transformation of lactate into pyruvate when pyruvate is significantly reduced () (;).
evidence level3
citationHuang Tianhao (2025)
sourceNovel insights into athlete physical recovery concerning lactate metabolism, lactate clearance and fatigue monitoring: A comprehensive review
topicRibose Exercise Fatigue Randomized Trial
claimPyruvate is converted to acetyl-CoA with pyruvate dehydrogenase catalytic reaction, and acetyl-CoA plus oxaloacetate generate citrate to initiate TCA cycle, thereby the oxidation rate of lactate is associated with the TCA cycle initiator oxaloacetate () ().
evidence level3
citationHuang Tianhao (2025)
sourceNovel insights into athlete physical recovery concerning lactate metabolism, lactate clearance and fatigue monitoring: A comprehensive review
topicRibose Exercise Fatigue Randomized Trial
claimKim et al., 2010 During exercise, skeletal muscle contraction causes mechanical compression of vascular endothelial cells, and the reduced blood flow aggravates hypoxia process.
evidence level3
citationHuang Tianhao (2025)
sourceNovel insights into athlete physical recovery concerning lactate metabolism, lactate clearance and fatigue monitoring: A comprehensive review
topicRibose Exercise Fatigue Randomized Trial
claimVon Duvilard et al., 2004 Kaviani et al., 2020 Kruk et al., 2021 Kamińska et al., 2020 Zhu et al., 2020 After long-time and high-intensity training and competition, the body of athletes will show fatigue due to excess carbohydrate consumption and oxidation function decline, followed by metabolic imbalance, cell membrane oxidative damage, serum lactate accumulation (;;).
evidence level3
citationHuang Tianhao (2025)
sourceNovel insights into athlete physical recovery concerning lactate metabolism, lactate clearance and fatigue monitoring: A comprehensive review
topicRibose Exercise Fatigue Randomized Trial
claimExcessive exercise induces muscle damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, abnormal mitochondrial function, and reduced glycogen content.
evidence level4
citationCrisol Barbara M. (2025)
sourceExcessive exercise elicits poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 activation and global protein PARylation driving muscle dysfunction and performance impairment
topicRibose Exercise Fatigue Randomized Trial
claimThese skeletal muscle alterations are often associated with low oxidative capacity, muscle weakness, pain, and performance worsening [,,,].
evidence level4
citationCrisol Barbara M. (2025)
sourceExcessive exercise elicits poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 activation and global protein PARylation driving muscle dysfunction and performance impairment
topicRibose Exercise Fatigue Randomized Trial
claimHowever, unfortunately, there is no specific therapy to prevent or treat skeletal muscle disorders associated with the NFOR and the overtraining syndrome.
evidence level4
citationCrisol Barbara M. (2025)
sourceExcessive exercise elicits poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 activation and global protein PARylation driving muscle dysfunction and performance impairment
topicRibose Exercise Fatigue Randomized Trial
claim[1] [2] [3] [4] [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] 5 [8] [9] [10] Excessive physical exercise without sufficient recovery time typically leads to muscle damage, performance stagnation, or decline, which can have serious consequences for both athletes and non-athletes.
evidence level4
citationCrisol Barbara M. (2025)
sourceExcessive exercise elicits poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 activation and global protein PARylation driving muscle dysfunction and performance impairment