topicProtein Timing Resistance Training Meta-Analysis
claimEvidence was synthesised according to dietary context, energy and protein intake, population, exercise exposure, measurement modality, and timing relative to carbohydrate restriction or reintroduction.
evidence level4
citationCaturano A (2026)
sourceSparing Muscle While Losing Fat: A Narrative Review of Ketogenic Diets and Lean Mass Preservation During Weight Loss.
topicProtein Timing Resistance Training Meta-Analysis
claimConclusions: Current evidence is insufficient to determine whether ketosis itself has either a protective or harmful effect on contractile skeletal muscle during weight loss.
evidence level4
citationCaturano A (2026)
sourceSparing Muscle While Losing Fat: A Narrative Review of Ketogenic Diets and Lean Mass Preservation During Weight Loss.
topicProtein Timing Resistance Training Meta-Analysis
claimBackground/Objectives: Clinically meaningful weight loss reduces fat mass but is commonly accompanied by loss of fat-free mass (FFM).
evidence level4
citationCaturano A (2026)
sourceSparing Muscle While Losing Fat: A Narrative Review of Ketogenic Diets and Lean Mass Preservation During Weight Loss.
topicProtein Timing Resistance Training Meta-Analysis
claimKetogenic diets are of interest because ketone bodies have plausible anabolic and anti-catabolic actions.
evidence level4
citationCaturano A (2026)
sourceSparing Muscle While Losing Fat: A Narrative Review of Ketogenic Diets and Lean Mass Preservation During Weight Loss.