topicProbiotic Exercise Recovery Randomized Trial
claimHowever, evidence in trained populations is inconsistent and is confounded by variability in diet, probiotic strains, dose, and intervention duration.
evidence level2
citationJagłowska K (2026)
sourceMultistrain Probiotic Supplementation Combined with a Standardized Diet Did Not Significantly Affect Exercise Performance or Inflammatory Responses in Male Endurance Runners: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
topicProbiotic Exercise Recovery Randomized Trial
claimBackground: Gut microbiota may influence metabolic and inflammatory responses to exercise through the gut-muscle axis, and probiotic supplementation has been proposed to support adaptation and recovery in endurance athletes.
evidence level2
citationJagłowska K (2026)
sourceMultistrain Probiotic Supplementation Combined with a Standardized Diet Did Not Significantly Affect Exercise Performance or Inflammatory Responses in Male Endurance Runners: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
topicProbiotic Exercise Recovery Randomized Trial
claimHowever, existing evidence does not prove that microbiome changes are a direct source of these adaptations as exercise, food, and other host factors may all contribute at the same time ().
evidence level3
citationZhang Xinbao (2026)
sourceMicrobiome-based nutrition and the gut–muscle axis: emerging perspectives for athletic performance and recovery
topicProbiotic Exercise Recovery Randomized Trial
claimBioactive plant chemicals called polyphenols, which are found in large quantities in fruits, vegetables, and teas, additionally regulate this relationship by selectively enriching and functioning as prebiotic substrates ().
evidence level3
citationZhang Xinbao (2026)
sourceMicrobiome-based nutrition and the gut–muscle axis: emerging perspectives for athletic performance and recovery
topicProbiotic Exercise Recovery Randomized Trial
claimSCFAs may affect AMPK, PGC-1α, and associated metabolic pathways, according to experimental studies.
evidence level3
citationZhang Xinbao (2026)
sourceMicrobiome-based nutrition and the gut–muscle axis: emerging perspectives for athletic performance and recovery
topicProbiotic Exercise Recovery Randomized Trial
claim1 2 3 4 The dynamic interaction of training load, recuperation, diet, and biological resilience determines athletic efficiency.
evidence level3
citationZhang Xinbao (2026)
sourceMicrobiome-based nutrition and the gut–muscle axis: emerging perspectives for athletic performance and recovery