Structured evidence table for Probiotic Athletes Immune Randomized Trial, generated from 2 reusable source documents in the Migaku knowledge base.
| topic | claim | evidence level | citation | source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Probiotic Athletes Immune Randomized Trial | Objective Athletes engaging in strenuous exercise can experience a heightened risk for upper respiratory symptoms and immune disorders triggered by exercise. | 1 | Wang C (2026) | The impact of probiotic supplementation on mucosal immunity and oxidative stress after high-intensity exercise among athletes: a meta-analysis. |
| Probiotic Athletes Immune Randomized Trial | Use the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool to evaluate the quality of the selected study. | 1 | Wang C (2026) | The impact of probiotic supplementation on mucosal immunity and oxidative stress after high-intensity exercise among athletes: a meta-analysis. |
| Probiotic Athletes Immune Randomized Trial | Subgroup analysis showed that EXP group with more than 6 weeks significantly improved sIgA level (SMD, 0.78 [0.16, 1.41], p 2 = 0%), but not less than 6 weeks (SMD, 0.26 [-0.44, 0.96], p = 0.47, I 2 = 0%). | 1 | Wang C (2026) | The impact of probiotic supplementation on mucosal immunity and oxidative stress after high-intensity exercise among athletes: a meta-analysis. |
| Probiotic Athletes Immune Randomized Trial | This meta-analysis examined the relationship between probiotic supplementation, exercise, mucosal immunity, and oxidative stress (OS) levels following high-intensity exercise. | 1 | Wang C (2026) | The impact of probiotic supplementation on mucosal immunity and oxidative stress after high-intensity exercise among athletes: a meta-analysis. |
| Probiotic Athletes Immune Randomized Trial | This umbrella review and re-analysis aimed to synthesize and evaluate the available evidence on the effects of probiotic supplementation on specific immune and inflammatory markers in athletes. | 2 | Chen L (2026) | Effects of probiotic supplementation on immune and inflammatory markers in athletes: an umbrella review and re-analysis of published meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials. |
| Probiotic Athletes Immune Randomized Trial | Results showed that probiotic supplementation significantly reduced levels of the pro-inflammatory marker TNF-α (Effect Size (ES) = -0.59, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) [-0.94 to -0.24], P = 0.001). | 2 | Chen L (2026) | Effects of probiotic supplementation on immune and inflammatory markers in athletes: an umbrella review and re-analysis of published meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials. |
| Probiotic Athletes Immune Randomized Trial | Probiotic supplementation significantly increased secretory IgA (ES = 0.30, 95% CI [0.03-0.57], P = 0.031) and IFN-γ levels ( P P = 0.283), IL-8 (ES = -0.38, 95% CI [0.87 to 0.11], P = 0.132) and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (ES = 0.15, 95% CI [-0.21 to 0.52], P = 0.411). | 2 | Chen L (2026) | Effects of probiotic supplementation on immune and inflammatory markers in athletes: an umbrella review and re-analysis of published meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials. |
| Probiotic Athletes Immune Randomized Trial | Background Intensive training and competition can compromise athletes' immune function and elevate inflammatory responses. | 2 | Chen L (2026) | Effects of probiotic supplementation on immune and inflammatory markers in athletes: an umbrella review and re-analysis of published meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials. |
Source documents