topicPolypodium Leucotomos Skin Photoaging Randomized Trial
claimPhotoaging may not only affect quality of life, but also create substantial financial burden for patients, making its prevention and the practice of evidence-based treatments essential.
evidence level3
citationTsai Jerry (2026)
sourcePhotoaging: Update on Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment
topicPolypodium Leucotomos Skin Photoaging Randomized Trial
claimUVB, which primarily affects the epidermis and superficial dermis, is classically associated with the development of skin cancer through creation of cyclobutene pyrimidine dimers, pyrimidine-pyrimidone (6-4) photoproducts, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as suppression of immune surveillance against tumors.
evidence level3
citationTsai Jerry (2026)
sourcePhotoaging: Update on Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment
topicPolypodium Leucotomos Skin Photoaging Randomized Trial
claimECM degradation from chronic sun exposure also results in increased skin fragility and susceptibility of cutaneous vasculature to minor trauma, clinically manifesting as purpuric lesions known as solar purpura.
evidence level3
citationTsai Jerry (2026)
sourcePhotoaging: Update on Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment
topicPolypodium Leucotomos Skin Photoaging Randomized Trial
claim1 2 Skin aging occurs through the passage of time (intrinsic aging) accompanied by environmental damage (extrinsic aging).
evidence level3
citationTsai Jerry (2026)
sourcePhotoaging: Update on Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment
topicPolypodium Leucotomos Skin Photoaging Randomized Trial
claim1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Melasma is a common, multifactorial acquired skin disorder characterized by symmetric brown patches most often found on sun‐exposed areas of the face [].
evidence level3
citationVillani Alessia (2026)
sourceA 50+ Sunscreen Containing Polypodium Leucotomos Extract, Ellagic Acid, and Niacinamide in Facial Melasma and Photoaging‐Related Hyperpigmentation: A Pilot Observational Study Using Line‐Field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography
topicPolypodium Leucotomos Skin Photoaging Randomized Trial
claimThis process leads to increased melanin production and persistent hyperpigmentation.
evidence level3
citationVillani Alessia (2026)
sourceA 50+ Sunscreen Containing Polypodium Leucotomos Extract, Ellagic Acid, and Niacinamide in Facial Melasma and Photoaging‐Related Hyperpigmentation: A Pilot Observational Study Using Line‐Field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography
topicPolypodium Leucotomos Skin Photoaging Randomized Trial
claimp p 2 Hyper‐reflective cells observed with LC‐OCT correspond to hyperpigmented basal keratinocytes, which can be reduced through treatment.
evidence level3
citationVillani Alessia (2026)
sourceA 50+ Sunscreen Containing Polypodium Leucotomos Extract, Ellagic Acid, and Niacinamide in Facial Melasma and Photoaging‐Related Hyperpigmentation: A Pilot Observational Study Using Line‐Field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography
topicPolypodium Leucotomos Skin Photoaging Randomized Trial
claimAmong the factors that contribute to Melasma can be distinguished external factors, such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure, and hormonal factors (including sex hormones, pregnancy, and oral contraceptives), as well as genetic predisposition and skin inflammation [].
evidence level3
citationVillani Alessia (2026)
sourceA 50+ Sunscreen Containing Polypodium Leucotomos Extract, Ellagic Acid, and Niacinamide in Facial Melasma and Photoaging‐Related Hyperpigmentation: A Pilot Observational Study Using Line‐Field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography