topicPhosphatidylserine Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimThe second study confirmed the GBP benefits on mood states and a visually consistent downward trend in reaction times across all four cognitive performance tests at both GBP dosages, suggesting improved processing speed in response to various stimuli.
evidence level2
citationHawkins K (2026)
sourceHealth Benefits of a Standardized <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> Extract Associated With Phosphatidylserine in Alleviating Mental Stress and Cognitive Performance: Results From Two Exploratory Randomized Trials.
topicPhosphatidylserine Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimMental health is threatened every day by the stressors of life: frenetic work rhythms, stressful conditions can generate anxiety, depression, cognition, and sleep problems.
evidence level2
citationHawkins K (2026)
sourceHealth Benefits of a Standardized <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> Extract Associated With Phosphatidylserine in Alleviating Mental Stress and Cognitive Performance: Results From Two Exploratory Randomized Trials.
topicPhosphatidylserine Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimAmong natural products with properties to support mental health, Gingko biloba extract with phosphatidylserine (GBP) was exploited with the aim of evaluating its benefits in cognitive function, mood regulation, and overall quality of life.
evidence level2
citationHawkins K (2026)
sourceHealth Benefits of a Standardized <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> Extract Associated With Phosphatidylserine in Alleviating Mental Stress and Cognitive Performance: Results From Two Exploratory Randomized Trials.
topicPhosphatidylserine Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimHowever, evidence on multi-ingredient protocols combining taurine, caffeine, and phosphatidylserine (PS) remains limited in professional athletes.
evidence level4
citationMizera K (2026)
sourceEffects of Taurine-, Caffeine-, and Phosphatidylserine-Containing Supplementation Protocols on Physical and Cognitive Performance in Professional Male Football Players.
topicPhosphatidylserine Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimResults : Compared with placebo, the TCP group was associated with more favorable physical, cognitive, and selected game-related outcomes ( p 2 = 0.13-0.20) and smaller fatigue-related declines in sprint performance (-18% vs.
evidence level4
citationMizera K (2026)
sourceEffects of Taurine-, Caffeine-, and Phosphatidylserine-Containing Supplementation Protocols on Physical and Cognitive Performance in Professional Male Football Players.
topicPhosphatidylserine Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimConclusions : A short-term multi-ingredient protocol including taurine, caffeine, and PS may be associated with improved physical, cognitive, and selected game-related outcomes in professional football players.
evidence level4
citationMizera K (2026)
sourceEffects of Taurine-, Caffeine-, and Phosphatidylserine-Containing Supplementation Protocols on Physical and Cognitive Performance in Professional Male Football Players.
topicPhosphatidylserine Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimBackground : Nutritional supplementation is widely used to support physical and cognitive performance in football.
evidence level4
citationMizera K (2026)
sourceEffects of Taurine-, Caffeine-, and Phosphatidylserine-Containing Supplementation Protocols on Physical and Cognitive Performance in Professional Male Football Players.