evidence table

Hmb Muscle Recovery Randomized Trial Evidence Table

Structured evidence table for Hmb Muscle Recovery Randomized Trial, generated from 2 reusable source documents in the Migaku knowledge base.

topicclaimevidence levelcitationsource
Hmb Muscle Recovery Randomized TrialPercent changes (Δ%) in functional tests were examined exclusively as exploratory correlates of redox adaptations.Supplementation was associated with attenuation of the placebo-related increase in oxidized glutathione and nominal preservation of the Glutathione Redox Index, although these effects did not remain significant after FDR adjustment.2Ramos-Hernández R (2026)Creatine plus β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate supplementation is associated with preserved glutathione redox-balance and redox-function associations in older adults: a secondary analysis of a randomized crossover trial.
Hmb Muscle Recovery Randomized TrialExploratory analyses indicated weak associations between changes in composite redox indices and Δ% functional measures.Creatine plus HMB supplementation was associated with nominal modulation of glutathione-centered redox balance during training in active older adults.2Ramos-Hernández R (2026)Creatine plus β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate supplementation is associated with preserved glutathione redox-balance and redox-function associations in older adults: a secondary analysis of a randomized crossover trial.
Hmb Muscle Recovery Randomized TrialOxidative stress contributes to age-related musculoskeletal decline, partly through disruption of glutathione-dependent redox homeostasis.2Ramos-Hernández R (2026)Creatine plus β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate supplementation is associated with preserved glutathione redox-balance and redox-function associations in older adults: a secondary analysis of a randomized crossover trial.
Hmb Muscle Recovery Randomized TrialSecondary biomarkers and composite indices were analyzed with false discovery rate (FDR) control.2Ramos-Hernández R (2026)Creatine plus β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate supplementation is associated with preserved glutathione redox-balance and redox-function associations in older adults: a secondary analysis of a randomized crossover trial.
Hmb Muscle Recovery Randomized TrialAs life expectancy increases, age-associated declines in muscle strength, metabolic flexibility, immune responsiveness, and cognitive resilience have become major contributors to morbidity and diminished quality of life.3Chen Zhigang (2026)Taurine and glutamine supplementation in aging: systemic mechanisms, exercise interactions, and modulation of muscular and neurobiological pathways
Hmb Muscle Recovery Randomized TrialDespite these benefits, the biological response to exercise is often dampened in aging due to reduced mitochondrial efficiency, lower anabolic sensitivity, impaired antioxidant capacity, and chronic inflammatory signaling.3Chen Zhigang (2026)Taurine and glutamine supplementation in aging: systemic mechanisms, exercise interactions, and modulation of muscular and neurobiological pathways
Hmb Muscle Recovery Randomized TrialAs a result, older adults commonly experience delayed recovery, attenuated gains in muscle strength or aerobic capacity, and limited adaptations compared with younger individuals.3Chen Zhigang (2026)Taurine and glutamine supplementation in aging: systemic mechanisms, exercise interactions, and modulation of muscular and neurobiological pathways
Hmb Muscle Recovery Randomized TrialKirkwood, 2005 Lutz and Quinn, 2012 Falahi et al., 2025 Liang et al., 2022 Hébert, 1997 The steady growth of the global older population has intensified scientific attention toward biological processes that erode functional capacity and compromise independence with aging.3Chen Zhigang (2026)Taurine and glutamine supplementation in aging: systemic mechanisms, exercise interactions, and modulation of muscular and neurobiological pathways
topicHmb Muscle Recovery Randomized Trial
claimPercent changes (Δ%) in functional tests were examined exclusively as exploratory correlates of redox adaptations.Supplementation was associated with attenuation of the placebo-related increase in oxidized glutathione and nominal preservation of the Glutathione Redox Index, although these effects did not remain significant after FDR adjustment.
evidence level2
citationRamos-Hernández R (2026)
sourceCreatine plus β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate supplementation is associated with preserved glutathione redox-balance and redox-function associations in older adults: a secondary analysis of a randomized crossover trial.
topicHmb Muscle Recovery Randomized Trial
claimExploratory analyses indicated weak associations between changes in composite redox indices and Δ% functional measures.Creatine plus HMB supplementation was associated with nominal modulation of glutathione-centered redox balance during training in active older adults.
evidence level2
citationRamos-Hernández R (2026)
sourceCreatine plus β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate supplementation is associated with preserved glutathione redox-balance and redox-function associations in older adults: a secondary analysis of a randomized crossover trial.
topicHmb Muscle Recovery Randomized Trial
claimOxidative stress contributes to age-related musculoskeletal decline, partly through disruption of glutathione-dependent redox homeostasis.
evidence level2
citationRamos-Hernández R (2026)
sourceCreatine plus β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate supplementation is associated with preserved glutathione redox-balance and redox-function associations in older adults: a secondary analysis of a randomized crossover trial.
topicHmb Muscle Recovery Randomized Trial
claimSecondary biomarkers and composite indices were analyzed with false discovery rate (FDR) control.
evidence level2
citationRamos-Hernández R (2026)
sourceCreatine plus β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate supplementation is associated with preserved glutathione redox-balance and redox-function associations in older adults: a secondary analysis of a randomized crossover trial.
topicHmb Muscle Recovery Randomized Trial
claimAs life expectancy increases, age-associated declines in muscle strength, metabolic flexibility, immune responsiveness, and cognitive resilience have become major contributors to morbidity and diminished quality of life.
evidence level3
citationChen Zhigang (2026)
sourceTaurine and glutamine supplementation in aging: systemic mechanisms, exercise interactions, and modulation of muscular and neurobiological pathways
topicHmb Muscle Recovery Randomized Trial
claimDespite these benefits, the biological response to exercise is often dampened in aging due to reduced mitochondrial efficiency, lower anabolic sensitivity, impaired antioxidant capacity, and chronic inflammatory signaling.
evidence level3
citationChen Zhigang (2026)
sourceTaurine and glutamine supplementation in aging: systemic mechanisms, exercise interactions, and modulation of muscular and neurobiological pathways
topicHmb Muscle Recovery Randomized Trial
claimAs a result, older adults commonly experience delayed recovery, attenuated gains in muscle strength or aerobic capacity, and limited adaptations compared with younger individuals.
evidence level3
citationChen Zhigang (2026)
sourceTaurine and glutamine supplementation in aging: systemic mechanisms, exercise interactions, and modulation of muscular and neurobiological pathways
topicHmb Muscle Recovery Randomized Trial
claimKirkwood, 2005 Lutz and Quinn, 2012 Falahi et al., 2025 Liang et al., 2022 Hébert, 1997 The steady growth of the global older population has intensified scientific attention toward biological processes that erode functional capacity and compromise independence with aging.
evidence level3
citationChen Zhigang (2026)
sourceTaurine and glutamine supplementation in aging: systemic mechanisms, exercise interactions, and modulation of muscular and neurobiological pathways

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Source documents

  1. Creatine plus β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate supplementation is associated with preserved glutathione redox-balance and redox-function associations in older adults: a secondary analysis of a randomized crossover trial.
  2. Taurine and glutamine supplementation in aging: systemic mechanisms, exercise interactions, and modulation of muscular and neurobiological pathways