topicGlutamine Exercise Recovery Meta-Analysis
claimTwo reviewers independently screened records, extracted data and appraised risk of bias.
evidence level1
citationLin Y (2026)
sourceEffects of creatine supplementation on exercise performance, physiological outcomes, and body composition in females engaged in exercise or training: a systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis.
topicGlutamine Exercise Recovery Meta-Analysis
claimRisk-of-bias concerns and variation in protocols and outcomes reduced certainty, which was low for performance and body composition and very low for the overall and physiological evidence.
evidence level1
citationLin Y (2026)
sourceEffects of creatine supplementation on exercise performance, physiological outcomes, and body composition in females engaged in exercise or training: a systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis.
topicGlutamine Exercise Recovery Meta-Analysis
claimConclusion Available female-specific evidence suggests possible small effects on selected strength, power, high-intensity performance and lean-mass-related measures.
evidence level1
citationLin Y (2026)
sourceEffects of creatine supplementation on exercise performance, physiological outcomes, and body composition in females engaged in exercise or training: a systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis.
topicGlutamine Exercise Recovery Meta-Analysis
claimBackground Female-specific creatine trials span different sports, training states and outcome types.
evidence level1
citationLin Y (2026)
sourceEffects of creatine supplementation on exercise performance, physiological outcomes, and body composition in females engaged in exercise or training: a systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis.