topicCreatine Exercise Performance Randomized Trial
claimUnder these conditions, skeletal muscle is exposed to increased oxidative stress, inflammatory activation, and structural disruption.
evidence level1
citationLiu Shuning (2026)
sourceThe Effects of Astaxanthin Supplementation on Exercise Recovery Biomarkers and Exercise Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
topicCreatine Exercise Performance Randomized Trial
claimAlthough these responses are part of normal adaptation, excessive or poorly resolved stress may impair recovery, which has increased interest in nutritional strategies that attenuate exercise-induced biological stress without clearly compromising training adaptation.
evidence level1
citationLiu Shuning (2026)
sourceThe Effects of Astaxanthin Supplementation on Exercise Recovery Biomarkers and Exercise Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
topicCreatine Exercise Performance Randomized Trial
claim10 11 12 13 14 The evidence is even less consistent when exercise performance is considered.
evidence level1
citationLiu Shuning (2026)
sourceThe Effects of Astaxanthin Supplementation on Exercise Recovery Biomarkers and Exercise Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
topicCreatine Exercise Performance Randomized Trial
claim1 Repeated bouts of strenuous exercise can induce substantial metabolic and mechanical stress, particularly when the training load is high, competition schedules are congested, or recovery time between sessions is limited.
evidence level1
citationLiu Shuning (2026)
sourceThe Effects of Astaxanthin Supplementation on Exercise Recovery Biomarkers and Exercise Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
topicCreatine Exercise Performance Randomized Trial
claimThe importance of the timing of Cr administration is based on the assumption that exercise-induced physiological changes, such as increased hyperemia and altered transport dynamics, may optimize tissue absorption and storage [].
evidence level2
citationBen Maaoui Khouloud (2026)
sourceAcute Creatine Ingestion Before Resistance Training Enhances Strength Performance More than Ingestion During or After Training: A Randomized Crossover Pilot Trial
topicCreatine Exercise Performance Randomized Trial
claimYet, evidence supporting specific timing strategies is restricted to a few chronic studies with conflicting findings [,,].
evidence level2
citationBen Maaoui Khouloud (2026)
sourceAcute Creatine Ingestion Before Resistance Training Enhances Strength Performance More than Ingestion During or After Training: A Randomized Crossover Pilot Trial
topicCreatine Exercise Performance Randomized Trial
claim[] found distinct differences between pre- and post-exercise ingestion regarding strength and hypertrophy over a 32-week intervention in older adults.
evidence level2
citationBen Maaoui Khouloud (2026)
sourceAcute Creatine Ingestion Before Resistance Training Enhances Strength Performance More than Ingestion During or After Training: A Randomized Crossover Pilot Trial
topicCreatine Exercise Performance Randomized Trial
claim1 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 Creatine (Cr) (α-methyl guanidino-acetic acid) is primarily synthesized endogenously in the kidneys and liver [,].
evidence level2
citationBen Maaoui Khouloud (2026)
sourceAcute Creatine Ingestion Before Resistance Training Enhances Strength Performance More than Ingestion During or After Training: A Randomized Crossover Pilot Trial