evidence table

Cocoa Flavanol Visual Fatigue Randomized Trial Evidence Table

Structured evidence table for Cocoa Flavanol Visual Fatigue Randomized Trial, generated from 2 reusable source documents in the Migaku knowledge base.

topicclaimevidence levelcitationsource
Cocoa Flavanol Visual Fatigue Randomized Trial() found that the negative impact of prolonged cognitive effort on state mental fatigue and cognitive function at rest could be mitigated by a single consumption of flavanol-rich cocoa, which contains antioxidant compounds derived from the seeds of the fruit of thetree (Miller et al.).2Tsukamoto Hayato (2025)A single intake of flavanol-rich cocoa improves inhibitory executive process under cognitive fatigue during aerobic exercise in men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial
Cocoa Flavanol Visual Fatigue Randomized TrialGiven that oxidative stress is increased by psychological stress such as examinations in university students (Sivonová et al.), it is assumed that the antioxidant properties of HCF may contribute to reduced cognitive fatigue.2Tsukamoto Hayato (2025)A single intake of flavanol-rich cocoa improves inhibitory executive process under cognitive fatigue during aerobic exercise in men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial
Cocoa Flavanol Visual Fatigue Randomized Trial() reported that the antioxidant properties of HCF stimulate the secretion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in animal brains, which is associated with certain cognitive functions.2Tsukamoto Hayato (2025)A single intake of flavanol-rich cocoa improves inhibitory executive process under cognitive fatigue during aerobic exercise in men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial
Cocoa Flavanol Visual Fatigue Randomized Trial2000 2001 2014 2022 1935 2015 2014 2022 Executive function is a critical cognitive process that supports daily activities across various populations.2Tsukamoto Hayato (2025)A single intake of flavanol-rich cocoa improves inhibitory executive process under cognitive fatigue during aerobic exercise in men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial
Cocoa Flavanol Visual Fatigue Randomized Trial1 2 3 3 3 4 5 6 The characteristics of dementia syndrome are cognitive dysfunction, including memory loss, reduced executive functions, language impairment, and affected performance in daily life activities [].4Sbai Oualid (2026)The Role of Polyphenols on Cognitive Function and Dementia Through Gut–Microbiota–Brain Axis Modulation: A Narrative Review
Cocoa Flavanol Visual Fatigue Randomized TrialNotably, about 70% of older people are living in low–middle income countries [], representing a significant economic weight associated with medical costs for health systems [].4Sbai Oualid (2026)The Role of Polyphenols on Cognitive Function and Dementia Through Gut–Microbiota–Brain Axis Modulation: A Narrative Review
Cocoa Flavanol Visual Fatigue Randomized TrialIn addition, it is necessary to unveil the risk factors promoting dementia in order to develop preventive strategies.4Sbai Oualid (2026)The Role of Polyphenols on Cognitive Function and Dementia Through Gut–Microbiota–Brain Axis Modulation: A Narrative Review
Cocoa Flavanol Visual Fatigue Randomized TrialDementia affects approximately 55 million individuals worldwide, and its prevalence is expected to rise up to 131.5 million by 2050, representing a major global health challenge [,].4Sbai Oualid (2026)The Role of Polyphenols on Cognitive Function and Dementia Through Gut–Microbiota–Brain Axis Modulation: A Narrative Review
topicCocoa Flavanol Visual Fatigue Randomized Trial
claim() found that the negative impact of prolonged cognitive effort on state mental fatigue and cognitive function at rest could be mitigated by a single consumption of flavanol-rich cocoa, which contains antioxidant compounds derived from the seeds of the fruit of thetree (Miller et al.).
evidence level2
citationTsukamoto Hayato (2025)
sourceA single intake of flavanol-rich cocoa improves inhibitory executive process under cognitive fatigue during aerobic exercise in men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial
topicCocoa Flavanol Visual Fatigue Randomized Trial
claimGiven that oxidative stress is increased by psychological stress such as examinations in university students (Sivonová et al.), it is assumed that the antioxidant properties of HCF may contribute to reduced cognitive fatigue.
evidence level2
citationTsukamoto Hayato (2025)
sourceA single intake of flavanol-rich cocoa improves inhibitory executive process under cognitive fatigue during aerobic exercise in men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial
topicCocoa Flavanol Visual Fatigue Randomized Trial
claim() reported that the antioxidant properties of HCF stimulate the secretion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in animal brains, which is associated with certain cognitive functions.
evidence level2
citationTsukamoto Hayato (2025)
sourceA single intake of flavanol-rich cocoa improves inhibitory executive process under cognitive fatigue during aerobic exercise in men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial
topicCocoa Flavanol Visual Fatigue Randomized Trial
claim2000 2001 2014 2022 1935 2015 2014 2022 Executive function is a critical cognitive process that supports daily activities across various populations.
evidence level2
citationTsukamoto Hayato (2025)
sourceA single intake of flavanol-rich cocoa improves inhibitory executive process under cognitive fatigue during aerobic exercise in men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial
topicCocoa Flavanol Visual Fatigue Randomized Trial
claim1 2 3 3 3 4 5 6 The characteristics of dementia syndrome are cognitive dysfunction, including memory loss, reduced executive functions, language impairment, and affected performance in daily life activities [].
evidence level4
citationSbai Oualid (2026)
sourceThe Role of Polyphenols on Cognitive Function and Dementia Through Gut–Microbiota–Brain Axis Modulation: A Narrative Review
topicCocoa Flavanol Visual Fatigue Randomized Trial
claimNotably, about 70% of older people are living in low–middle income countries [], representing a significant economic weight associated with medical costs for health systems [].
evidence level4
citationSbai Oualid (2026)
sourceThe Role of Polyphenols on Cognitive Function and Dementia Through Gut–Microbiota–Brain Axis Modulation: A Narrative Review
topicCocoa Flavanol Visual Fatigue Randomized Trial
claimIn addition, it is necessary to unveil the risk factors promoting dementia in order to develop preventive strategies.
evidence level4
citationSbai Oualid (2026)
sourceThe Role of Polyphenols on Cognitive Function and Dementia Through Gut–Microbiota–Brain Axis Modulation: A Narrative Review
topicCocoa Flavanol Visual Fatigue Randomized Trial
claimDementia affects approximately 55 million individuals worldwide, and its prevalence is expected to rise up to 131.5 million by 2050, representing a major global health challenge [,].
evidence level4
citationSbai Oualid (2026)
sourceThe Role of Polyphenols on Cognitive Function and Dementia Through Gut–Microbiota–Brain Axis Modulation: A Narrative Review

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Source documents

  1. A single intake of flavanol-rich cocoa improves inhibitory executive process under cognitive fatigue during aerobic exercise in men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial
  2. The Role of Polyphenols on Cognitive Function and Dementia Through Gut–Microbiota–Brain Axis Modulation: A Narrative Review