topicCocoa-Flavanol-Cognitive-Fatigue-Randomized-Trial
claimRationale Although cognitive fatigue commonly occurs during sports, effective strategies to improve it during exercise have not been established.
evidence level2
citationTsukamoto H (2025)
sourceA single intake of flavanol-rich cocoa improves inhibitory executive process under cognitive fatigue during aerobic exercise in men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial.
topicCocoa-Flavanol-Cognitive-Fatigue-Randomized-Trial
claimObjectives This study determined whether high-cocoa flavanol (HCF) consumption improves reaction time and inhibitory executive function impairments during prolonged cognitive load combined with aerobic exercise.
evidence level2
citationTsukamoto H (2025)
sourceA single intake of flavanol-rich cocoa improves inhibitory executive process under cognitive fatigue during aerobic exercise in men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial.
topicCocoa-Flavanol-Cognitive-Fatigue-Randomized-Trial
claim1 2 3 3 3 4 5 6 The characteristics of dementia syndrome are cognitive dysfunction, including memory loss, reduced executive functions, language impairment, and affected performance in daily life activities [].
evidence level4
citationSbai Oualid (2026)
sourceThe Role of Polyphenols on Cognitive Function and Dementia Through Gut–Microbiota–Brain Axis Modulation: A Narrative Review
topicCocoa-Flavanol-Cognitive-Fatigue-Randomized-Trial
claimNotably, about 70% of older people are living in low–middle income countries [], representing a significant economic weight associated with medical costs for health systems [].
evidence level4
citationSbai Oualid (2026)
sourceThe Role of Polyphenols on Cognitive Function and Dementia Through Gut–Microbiota–Brain Axis Modulation: A Narrative Review
topicCocoa-Flavanol-Cognitive-Fatigue-Randomized-Trial
claimIn addition, it is necessary to unveil the risk factors promoting dementia in order to develop preventive strategies.
evidence level4
citationSbai Oualid (2026)
sourceThe Role of Polyphenols on Cognitive Function and Dementia Through Gut–Microbiota–Brain Axis Modulation: A Narrative Review
topicCocoa-Flavanol-Cognitive-Fatigue-Randomized-Trial
claimDementia affects approximately 55 million individuals worldwide, and its prevalence is expected to rise up to 131.5 million by 2050, representing a major global health challenge [,].
evidence level4
citationSbai Oualid (2026)
sourceThe Role of Polyphenols on Cognitive Function and Dementia Through Gut–Microbiota–Brain Axis Modulation: A Narrative Review