topicCocoa Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimAlthough with a lesser degree of evidence than established dementia risk factors such as low education, visual impairment, diabetes, hypertension or social isolation, evidence is accumulating on the relationship between dietary factors and cognitive functioning [].
evidence level2
citationRos Emilio (2026)
sourceAre avocados good for the brain? Most likely yes, in spite of their lack of effect on cognitive performance in a well-conducted 6-month randomized controlled trial
topicCocoa Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimCohort studies suggest that consumption of healthy foods and adherence to plant-based dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, are associated with reduced risk of cognitive disorders [,,].
evidence level2
citationRos Emilio (2026)
sourceAre avocados good for the brain? Most likely yes, in spite of their lack of effect on cognitive performance in a well-conducted 6-month randomized controlled trial
topicCocoa Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimMediterranean-type dietary patterns are reputed as both heart-healthy and environmentally sustainable []; additionally, evidence from prospective studies suggest a favorable association with cognitive decline, but no clear link with all-cause dementia or Alzheimer’s disease, the most frequent cause of dementia [,,].
evidence level2
citationRos Emilio (2026)
sourceAre avocados good for the brain? Most likely yes, in spite of their lack of effect on cognitive performance in a well-conducted 6-month randomized controlled trial
topicCocoa Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claim1 [2] [3] [4] 5 2 3 6 As population ages, cognitive decline and dementia are becoming leading causes of disability worldwide.
evidence level2
citationRos Emilio (2026)
sourceAre avocados good for the brain? Most likely yes, in spite of their lack of effect on cognitive performance in a well-conducted 6-month randomized controlled trial
topicCocoa Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimPhysical performance measures predict fall risk.Weak grip strength, slow walking speed, and other measures of poor physical performance have been associated with recurrent falls, hospitalization, and fractures.Given the personal and economic burden, safe and effective interventions are needed to prevent falls and maintain good physical function in older adults.
evidence level2
citationChou Sharon H (2026)
sourceEffects of cocoa extract supplementation on physical performance measures: results from the randomized controlled COcoa Supplement and Multivitamin Outcomes study
topicCocoa Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimp p Over 2 yr, urinary gVLM increased from mean (±SE) of 9.5 ± 1.0 to 21.1 ± 1.8 μmol/L in the cocoa extract group.
evidence level2
citationChou Sharon H (2026)
sourceEffects of cocoa extract supplementation on physical performance measures: results from the randomized controlled COcoa Supplement and Multivitamin Outcomes study
topicCocoa Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimThere were minimal declines in walking speeds (≤−0.04 m/s) and increased time for the completion of chair stands (<0.8 s) across all treatment groups.
evidence level2
citationChou Sharon H (2026)
sourceEffects of cocoa extract supplementation on physical performance measures: results from the randomized controlled COcoa Supplement and Multivitamin Outcomes study
topicCocoa Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimIn the United States, there are more than 3 million emergency department visits per year for falls in adults 65 yr and older, and falls are the leading cause of death due to injury in this age group.In total, medical costs for falls exceed $80 billion/yr in the United States.
evidence level2
citationChou Sharon H (2026)
sourceEffects of cocoa extract supplementation on physical performance measures: results from the randomized controlled COcoa Supplement and Multivitamin Outcomes study