topicCitrulline Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claim1 Aging is characterized by progressive physiological decline, including loss of skeletal muscle mass and function (Sarcopenia), reduced mitochondrial efficiency, and increased oxidative stress, all of which contribute to frailty and diminished quality of life in older adults ().
evidence level3
citationWang Xiaolan (2026)
sourceGlycine and N-acetylcysteine supplementation, with or without exercise, in brain health and functional aging: implications for sarcopenia and frailty in older adults
topicCitrulline Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claim1 2 3 4 5 By the age of 70, individuals may experience a 25%−30% reduction in muscle mass, which is strongly associated with impaired mobility, falls, and loss of independence ().
evidence level3
citationWang Xiaolan (2026)
sourceGlycine and N-acetylcysteine supplementation, with or without exercise, in brain health and functional aging: implications for sarcopenia and frailty in older adults
topicCitrulline Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimLow circulating glycine levels have been associated with insulin resistance, obesity, and higher cardiometabolic risk (,).
evidence level3
citationWang Xiaolan (2026)
sourceGlycine and N-acetylcysteine supplementation, with or without exercise, in brain health and functional aging: implications for sarcopenia and frailty in older adults
topicCitrulline Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimIn this review, the term “older adults” generally refers to individuals aged ≥60 or ≥65 years, consistent with definitions used by the World Health Organization and most geriatric clinical trials.
evidence level3
citationWang Xiaolan (2026)
sourceGlycine and N-acetylcysteine supplementation, with or without exercise, in brain health and functional aging: implications for sarcopenia and frailty in older adults
topicCitrulline Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimIndividual exercise tolerance is defined as the amount of physical exertion that can be sustained before task disengagement and can be increased through appropriate training strategies [,].
evidence level4
citationStrasser Barbara (2026)
sourceDietary interventions interact with the perception of effort and enhance endurance performance: a brief narrative review
topicCitrulline Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimWe then integrate evidence on the ergogenic effects of various dietary interventions with existing knowledge on perception of effort, focusing on how these interventions may limit the development of fatigue during endurance exercise and thereby influence effort perception.
evidence level4
citationStrasser Barbara (2026)
sourceDietary interventions interact with the perception of effort and enhance endurance performance: a brief narrative review
topicCitrulline Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimSuch adjustments result in impaired time trial performance when perceived effort rises [], and improved performance when perceived effort is reduced [].
evidence level4
citationStrasser Barbara (2026)
sourceDietary interventions interact with the perception of effort and enhance endurance performance: a brief narrative review
topicCitrulline Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claim1 2 3 4 5 1 1 Individual aerobic endurance capacity determines how long and at what intensity everyday activities, such as climbing stairs or gardening, as well as strenuous sports, including running, cycling, or swimming, can be performed [].
evidence level4
citationStrasser Barbara (2026)
sourceDietary interventions interact with the perception of effort and enhance endurance performance: a brief narrative review