evidence table

Citicoline Cognition Randomized Trial Evidence Table

Structured evidence table for Citicoline Cognition Randomized Trial, generated from 2 reusable source documents in the Migaku knowledge base.

topicclaimevidence levelcitationsource
Citicoline Cognition Randomized Trialvan der Flier et al., 2018 Iadecola et al., 2019 Iadecola, 2013 Collaborators, 2022 Medina-Rioja et al., 2024 Venkat et al., 2015 Mok et al., 2024 Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) refers to cognitive dysfunction mainly caused by cerebrovascular disease and its risk factors, ranging from subtle cognitive decline to dementia (;).1Miao Jingchao (2026)Efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract injection for vascular cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Citicoline Cognition Randomized TrialSkrobot et al., 2018 Ip et al., 2024 Mok et al., 2024 Swartz et al., 2025 McShane et al., 2019 Smith et al., 2020 Battle et al., 2021 Gorelick et al., 2011 O'Brien and Thomas, 2015 Current treatments for VCI focus primarily on controlling vascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia (;;;).1Miao Jingchao (2026)Efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract injection for vascular cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Citicoline Cognition Randomized TrialHowever, there has been no systematic quality assessment or evidence synthesis of published RCTs.1Miao Jingchao (2026)Efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract injection for vascular cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Citicoline Cognition Randomized TrialIt can be caused by cerebral small vessel disease, large artery infarctions, and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion ().1Miao Jingchao (2026)Efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract injection for vascular cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Citicoline Cognition Randomized TrialGrowing evidence indicates that neuropathological changes associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) begin decades before clinical symptoms emerge, highlighting the importance of targeting the prodromal and even preclinical stages as a critical treatment window [].4Özge Aynur (2026)The Real-World Early Neuroprotective Effects of Oral Citicoline Combination in Prodromal Dementia
Citicoline Cognition Randomized TrialMild cognitive impairment (MCI), often conceptualized as prodromal dementia, represents a transitional state where timely neuroprotective strategies may be associated with preservation of neuronal integrity and a slower trajectory toward overt dementia [].4Özge Aynur (2026)The Real-World Early Neuroprotective Effects of Oral Citicoline Combination in Prodromal Dementia
Citicoline Cognition Randomized TrialClinical studies on age-related memory impairment, vascular cognitive impairment, and early Alzheimer’s-type decline suggest that citicoline use may be associated with better performance in attention, memory, and executive functions [,,].4Özge Aynur (2026)The Real-World Early Neuroprotective Effects of Oral Citicoline Combination in Prodromal Dementia
Citicoline Cognition Randomized Trial1 2 The global increase in dementia prevalence has intensified interest in interventions that could alter the course of cognitive decline before irreversible neurodegeneration sets in.4Özge Aynur (2026)The Real-World Early Neuroprotective Effects of Oral Citicoline Combination in Prodromal Dementia
topicCiticoline Cognition Randomized Trial
claimvan der Flier et al., 2018 Iadecola et al., 2019 Iadecola, 2013 Collaborators, 2022 Medina-Rioja et al., 2024 Venkat et al., 2015 Mok et al., 2024 Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) refers to cognitive dysfunction mainly caused by cerebrovascular disease and its risk factors, ranging from subtle cognitive decline to dementia (;).
evidence level1
citationMiao Jingchao (2026)
sourceEfficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract injection for vascular cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topicCiticoline Cognition Randomized Trial
claimSkrobot et al., 2018 Ip et al., 2024 Mok et al., 2024 Swartz et al., 2025 McShane et al., 2019 Smith et al., 2020 Battle et al., 2021 Gorelick et al., 2011 O'Brien and Thomas, 2015 Current treatments for VCI focus primarily on controlling vascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia (;;;).
evidence level1
citationMiao Jingchao (2026)
sourceEfficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract injection for vascular cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topicCiticoline Cognition Randomized Trial
claimHowever, there has been no systematic quality assessment or evidence synthesis of published RCTs.
evidence level1
citationMiao Jingchao (2026)
sourceEfficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract injection for vascular cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topicCiticoline Cognition Randomized Trial
claimIt can be caused by cerebral small vessel disease, large artery infarctions, and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion ().
evidence level1
citationMiao Jingchao (2026)
sourceEfficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract injection for vascular cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topicCiticoline Cognition Randomized Trial
claimGrowing evidence indicates that neuropathological changes associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) begin decades before clinical symptoms emerge, highlighting the importance of targeting the prodromal and even preclinical stages as a critical treatment window [].
evidence level4
citationÖzge Aynur (2026)
sourceThe Real-World Early Neuroprotective Effects of Oral Citicoline Combination in Prodromal Dementia
topicCiticoline Cognition Randomized Trial
claimMild cognitive impairment (MCI), often conceptualized as prodromal dementia, represents a transitional state where timely neuroprotective strategies may be associated with preservation of neuronal integrity and a slower trajectory toward overt dementia [].
evidence level4
citationÖzge Aynur (2026)
sourceThe Real-World Early Neuroprotective Effects of Oral Citicoline Combination in Prodromal Dementia
topicCiticoline Cognition Randomized Trial
claimClinical studies on age-related memory impairment, vascular cognitive impairment, and early Alzheimer’s-type decline suggest that citicoline use may be associated with better performance in attention, memory, and executive functions [,,].
evidence level4
citationÖzge Aynur (2026)
sourceThe Real-World Early Neuroprotective Effects of Oral Citicoline Combination in Prodromal Dementia
topicCiticoline Cognition Randomized Trial
claim1 2 The global increase in dementia prevalence has intensified interest in interventions that could alter the course of cognitive decline before irreversible neurodegeneration sets in.
evidence level4
citationÖzge Aynur (2026)
sourceThe Real-World Early Neuroprotective Effects of Oral Citicoline Combination in Prodromal Dementia

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Source documents

  1. Efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract injection for vascular cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  2. The Real-World Early Neuroprotective Effects of Oral Citicoline Combination in Prodromal Dementia