topicCacao Flavanols Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimPURPOSE: The ergogenic effects of caffeine on cognitive performance are largely restricted to improved alertness and enhanced attention and do not typically extend to other cognitive domains.
evidence level4
citationHearris MA (2026)
sourceComparable improvements in selective, but not sustained, attention in response to a multi-ingredient nootropic formulation when compared with caffeine.
topicCacao Flavanols Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimCONCLUSION: Data demonstrate that the multi-ingredient nootropic displayed comparable improvements in selective attention and executive function to caffeine without the negative impact upon blood pressure and subjective mood.
evidence level4
citationHearris MA (2026)
sourceComparable improvements in selective, but not sustained, attention in response to a multi-ingredient nootropic formulation when compared with caffeine.
topicCacao Flavanols Cognitive Performance Randomized Trial
claimIn contrast, plant extracts and phytochemicals exert broader cognitive performance benefits and, when combined together, may provide synergistic effects.
evidence level4
citationHearris MA (2026)
sourceComparable improvements in selective, but not sustained, attention in response to a multi-ingredient nootropic formulation when compared with caffeine.