topicBetaine Supplementation Exercise Performance Randomized Trial
claimThe review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), and study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.
evidence level1
citationPerreras MSL (2025)
sourceEffects of betaine supplementation on endurance exercise performance: a systematic review.
topicBetaine Supplementation Exercise Performance Randomized Trial
claimOf these, two studies demonstrated a significant interaction effect on maximum oxygen consumption and mean power at the latter stage of the Wingate Anaerobic Test, two reported a main effect of treatment on mean power, peak power, and oxygen consumption, and one found significant differences in oxygen consumption and blood lactate levels.
evidence level1
citationPerreras MSL (2025)
sourceEffects of betaine supplementation on endurance exercise performance: a systematic review.
topicBetaine Supplementation Exercise Performance Randomized Trial
claimConclusion These findings highlight the paucity of evidence regarding the ergogenic potential of betaine in endurance exercise performance and underscore the need for additional, more rigorous research to determine its effectiveness.
evidence level1
citationPerreras MSL (2025)
sourceEffects of betaine supplementation on endurance exercise performance: a systematic review.
topicBetaine Supplementation Exercise Performance Randomized Trial
claimPurpose Betaine has been studied for its potential ergogenic effects on strength, power, and body composition.
evidence level1
citationPerreras MSL (2025)
sourceEffects of betaine supplementation on endurance exercise performance: a systematic review.
topicBetaine Supplementation Exercise Performance Randomized Trial
claimEmerging empirical evidence indicates that a simultaneous approach targeting mitochondrial function, one-carbon metabolism, and catecholaminergic pathways may yield a more efficacious strategy than isolated interventions ().
evidence level3
citationXu Chunhong (2026)
sourceSkeletal muscle mitochondrial–methylation–neurotransmitter crosstalk: a novel synergistic model of betaine, tyrosine, and Cordyceps for exercise performance in older adults, individuals with metabolic disorders, and healthy populations
topicBetaine Supplementation Exercise Performance Randomized Trial
claimThe dysregulation of methylation pathways has been associated with the onset of metabolic syndrome, cognitive decline, and muscular dysfunction ().
evidence level3
citationXu Chunhong (2026)
sourceSkeletal muscle mitochondrial–methylation–neurotransmitter crosstalk: a novel synergistic model of betaine, tyrosine, and Cordyceps for exercise performance in older adults, individuals with metabolic disorders, and healthy populations
topicBetaine Supplementation Exercise Performance Randomized Trial
claimThe process of aging, along with metabolic disorders, is often correlated with compromised dopaminergic signaling, which contributes to diminished physical performance and increased levels of fatigue.
evidence level3
citationXu Chunhong (2026)
sourceSkeletal muscle mitochondrial–methylation–neurotransmitter crosstalk: a novel synergistic model of betaine, tyrosine, and Cordyceps for exercise performance in older adults, individuals with metabolic disorders, and healthy populations
topicBetaine Supplementation Exercise Performance Randomized Trial
claim1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Athletic performance represents a multifaceted phenotype influenced by the interplay of mitochondrial bioenergetics, epigenetic modulation, and neurotransmitter signaling ().
evidence level3
citationXu Chunhong (2026)
sourceSkeletal muscle mitochondrial–methylation–neurotransmitter crosstalk: a novel synergistic model of betaine, tyrosine, and Cordyceps for exercise performance in older adults, individuals with metabolic disorders, and healthy populations