topicBetaine Performance Randomized Trial
claimEach 1 μmol/L increase of late-pregnancy and cord blood betaine concentrations were associated with 9.87 g (95% confidence interval [CI]: -16.08, -3.66 g) and 5.29 g (95% CI: -8.52, -2.06 g) lower birthweight, respectively.
evidence level3
citationAihemaitijiang S (2026)
sourceAssociation of Maternal and Cord Blood Choline and Betaine Concentrations with Birthweight: A Prospective Mother-Infant Cohort Study.
topicBetaine Performance Randomized Trial
claimCompared with the lowest quintile, the highest quintiles of late-pregnancy and cord blood betaine concentrations were associated with lower risks of large-for-gestational-age (adjusted odds ratios [ORs] = 0.47 [95% CI: 0.24, 0.90] and 0.31 [95% CI: 0.17, 0.56]) and macrosomia (adjusted ORs = 0.12 [95% CI: 0.03, 0.43] and 0.15 [95% CI: 0.05, 0.40]).
evidence level3
citationAihemaitijiang S (2026)
sourceAssociation of Maternal and Cord Blood Choline and Betaine Concentrations with Birthweight: A Prospective Mother-Infant Cohort Study.
topicBetaine Performance Randomized Trial
claimConclusions: Higher plasma concentrations of betaine in maternal late-pregnancy and cord blood were associated with lower birthweight.
evidence level3
citationAihemaitijiang S (2026)
sourceAssociation of Maternal and Cord Blood Choline and Betaine Concentrations with Birthweight: A Prospective Mother-Infant Cohort Study.
topicBetaine Performance Randomized Trial
claimBackground: Experimental studies indicated that maternal choline and betaine status have the potential to alter fetal growth, but epidemiological data remain sparse.
evidence level3
citationAihemaitijiang S (2026)
sourceAssociation of Maternal and Cord Blood Choline and Betaine Concentrations with Birthweight: A Prospective Mother-Infant Cohort Study.
topicBetaine Performance Randomized Trial
claimThe results showed that as the CAPB supplementation level increased, cumulative gas production, the degradation rates of DM and neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and the yields of total volatile fatty acids and microbial protein all exhibited significant quadratic responses ( p p p p < 0.05).
evidence level4
citationCao M (2026)
sourceEffects of Cocamidopropyl Betaine on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation and Enzyme Spatial Distribution, and In Vivo Digestibility and Growth Performance of Growing Yaks.
topicBetaine Performance Randomized Trial
claimIn conclusion, under the present experimental conditions, 0.5% CAPB improved roughage fermentation efficiency, putatively through an 'enzyme elution' mechanism, and was associated with macroscopic improvements in NDF and EE apparent digestibility and ADG in growing yaks.
evidence level4
citationCao M (2026)
sourceEffects of Cocamidopropyl Betaine on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation and Enzyme Spatial Distribution, and In Vivo Digestibility and Growth Performance of Growing Yaks.
topicBetaine Performance Randomized Trial
claimYaks ( Bos grunniens ) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau face severe nutritional limitations during the dry season due to dependence on highly lignified, low-quality roughage.
evidence level4
citationCao M (2026)
sourceEffects of Cocamidopropyl Betaine on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation and Enzyme Spatial Distribution, and In Vivo Digestibility and Growth Performance of Growing Yaks.
topicBetaine Performance Randomized Trial
claimIdentifying safe and effective rumen regulators capable of enhancing fiber utilization in this species is therefore of great practical importance.
evidence level4
citationCao M (2026)
sourceEffects of Cocamidopropyl Betaine on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation and Enzyme Spatial Distribution, and In Vivo Digestibility and Growth Performance of Growing Yaks.
topicBetaine Performance Randomized Trial
claimNo trial differences were found for I-FABP (interaction effect, p = 0.076), L: 13 CM ( p = 0.559), the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio ( p = 0.171), serum cortisol ( p = 0.982), serum myoglobin ( p = 0.942), or serum creatine kinase ( p = 0.694).
evidence level4
citationNieman DC (2025)
sourceBetaine Supplementation Improves 60 km Cycling Time Trial Performance and One-Carbon Metabolism in Cyclists During Recovery.
topicBetaine Performance Randomized Trial
claimConclusions Betaine supplementation modestly improved 60 km cycling performance but had no effect on gut permeability.
evidence level4
citationNieman DC (2025)
sourceBetaine Supplementation Improves 60 km Cycling Time Trial Performance and One-Carbon Metabolism in Cyclists During Recovery.
topicBetaine Performance Randomized Trial
claimBackground/objectives This study examined the effects of 2 weeks of betaine versus placebo supplementation (3 g/d) on 60 km cycling performance, gut permeability, and shifts in plasma metabolites.
evidence level4
citationNieman DC (2025)
sourceBetaine Supplementation Improves 60 km Cycling Time Trial Performance and One-Carbon Metabolism in Cyclists During Recovery.
topicBetaine Performance Randomized Trial
claimA randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover design was used with two 2-week supplementation periods and a 2-week washout period.
evidence level4
citationNieman DC (2025)
sourceBetaine Supplementation Improves 60 km Cycling Time Trial Performance and One-Carbon Metabolism in Cyclists During Recovery.