Structured evidence table for Betaine Exercise Recovery Randomized Trial, generated from 2 reusable source documents in the Migaku knowledge base.
| topic | claim | evidence level | citation | source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Betaine Exercise Recovery Randomized Trial | Exercise-induced fatigue (EIF) refers to a reduced capacity to sustain a specified level or intensity of physical activity and is generally regarded as a physiological warning signal following excessive exercise rather than a pathological state. | 4 | Yang Y (2026) | Nutritional Interventions and Acupuncture-Based Strategies for Exercise-Induced Fatigue and Recovery: Mechanisms and Integrative Perspectives. |
| Betaine Exercise Recovery Randomized Trial | In this review, we synthesize evidence from nutritional interventions and acupuncture-based strategies and outline a conceptual mechanistic framework relevant to EIF management. | 4 | Yang Y (2026) | Nutritional Interventions and Acupuncture-Based Strategies for Exercise-Induced Fatigue and Recovery: Mechanisms and Integrative Perspectives. |
| Betaine Exercise Recovery Randomized Trial | Acupuncture, electroacupuncture (EA), and transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) have been associated with regulation of autonomic function and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity, modulation of pain and affective circuits, and changes in skeletal muscle perfusion, mitochondrial function, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory signaling. | 4 | Yang Y (2026) | Nutritional Interventions and Acupuncture-Based Strategies for Exercise-Induced Fatigue and Recovery: Mechanisms and Integrative Perspectives. |
| Betaine Exercise Recovery Randomized Trial | It involves peripheral disturbances related to energy depletion, metabolite accumulation, oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction, together with central changes involving neuroendocrine networks and the gut-brain axis. | 4 | Yang Y (2026) | Nutritional Interventions and Acupuncture-Based Strategies for Exercise-Induced Fatigue and Recovery: Mechanisms and Integrative Perspectives. |
| Betaine Exercise Recovery Randomized Trial | No trial differences were found for I-FABP (interaction effect, p = 0.076), L: 13 CM ( p = 0.559), the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio ( p = 0.171), serum cortisol ( p = 0.982), serum myoglobin ( p = 0.942), or serum creatine kinase ( p = 0.694). | 4 | Nieman DC (2025) | Betaine Supplementation Improves 60 km Cycling Time Trial Performance and One-Carbon Metabolism in Cyclists During Recovery. |
| Betaine Exercise Recovery Randomized Trial | Conclusions Betaine supplementation modestly improved 60 km cycling performance but had no effect on gut permeability. | 4 | Nieman DC (2025) | Betaine Supplementation Improves 60 km Cycling Time Trial Performance and One-Carbon Metabolism in Cyclists During Recovery. |
| Betaine Exercise Recovery Randomized Trial | Background/objectives This study examined the effects of 2 weeks of betaine versus placebo supplementation (3 g/d) on 60 km cycling performance, gut permeability, and shifts in plasma metabolites. | 4 | Nieman DC (2025) | Betaine Supplementation Improves 60 km Cycling Time Trial Performance and One-Carbon Metabolism in Cyclists During Recovery. |
| Betaine Exercise Recovery Randomized Trial | A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover design was used with two 2-week supplementation periods and a 2-week washout period. | 4 | Nieman DC (2025) | Betaine Supplementation Improves 60 km Cycling Time Trial Performance and One-Carbon Metabolism in Cyclists During Recovery. |
Source documents