topicBetaine Cognition Randomized Trial
claimInterventions that alter metabolite availability or metabolism, such as caloric restriction (CR) or reduced insulin/IGF‐1 signaling (IIS), extend lifespan across species (Gao et al. ).
evidence level3
citationJiang Yizhou (2026)
sourceLifespan‐Extending Endogenous Metabolites
topicBetaine Cognition Randomized Trial
claimThis review highlights the role of endogenous metabolites in regulating longevity pathways and evaluates evidence across species to aid understanding metabolic regulation of aging and guiding future investigations.
evidence level3
citationJiang Yizhou (2026)
sourceLifespan‐Extending Endogenous Metabolites
topicBetaine Cognition Randomized Trial
claimIn UVB‐irradiated hairless mice, oral taurine preserved epidermal moisture and significantly reduced wrinkle formation, suggesting an anti‐photoaging action via its osmolyte and moisturizing roles (Yoshimura et al. ).
evidence level3
citationJiang Yizhou (2026)
sourceLifespan‐Extending Endogenous Metabolites
topicBetaine Cognition Randomized Trial
claim2023 2018 2021 2025 2013 Aging is a multifactorial process driven by the interplay of genetic, environmental, and metabolic perturbations, with dysregulated nutrient sensing and metabolic dysfunction recognized as core hallmarks (Lopez‐Otin et al. ).
evidence level3
citationJiang Yizhou (2026)
sourceLifespan‐Extending Endogenous Metabolites
topicBetaine Cognition Randomized Trial
claimWith the global population aging, the prevalence of impairment and neurocognitive disorders has increased substantially, intensifying public health concerns [,].
evidence level4
citationHardaway Chante (2026)
sourceBrain Foods: A Narrative Review of Food Items and Their Impact on Cognition over the Life Course
topicBetaine Cognition Randomized Trial
claimAmong these, nutrition has emerged as a central and potentially scalable factor, with converging evidence suggesting that dietary exposures meaningfully influence brain structure [], function [], and long-term cognitive trajectories [].
evidence level4
citationHardaway Chante (2026)
sourceBrain Foods: A Narrative Review of Food Items and Their Impact on Cognition over the Life Course
topicBetaine Cognition Randomized Trial
claimConsequently, diets rich in berries, nuts, whole grains, leafy green vegetables, and fatty fish have been frequently characterized as “brain-supportive” due to their bioactive profiles and associations with improved cognitive outcomes [].
evidence level4
citationHardaway Chante (2026)
sourceBrain Foods: A Narrative Review of Food Items and Their Impact on Cognition over the Life Course
topicBetaine Cognition Randomized Trial
claim1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Cognitive function underpins virtually all domains of daily life, influencing learning, memory, executing functioning, problem-solving, and adaptive behavior [].
evidence level4
citationHardaway Chante (2026)
sourceBrain Foods: A Narrative Review of Food Items and Their Impact on Cognition over the Life Course