topicBergamot Blood Pressure Randomized Trial
claimBackground Subsyndromal generalized anxiety is highly prevalent and associated with impaired well-being, elevated stress, and functional limitations, yet affected individuals often do not meet criteria for guideline-based treatment.
evidence level2
citationNgandeu Schepanski S (2026)
sourceEssential Oil-enhanced digital hypnotherapy for subclinical generalized anxiety: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
topicBergamot Blood Pressure Randomized Trial
claimDiscussion This study is expected to provide evidence on the efficacy of essential oil-enhanced digital hypnosis for subsyndromal anxiety and will examine whether repeated pairing of hypnosis and olfactory stimulation induces conditioned relaxation responses.
evidence level2
citationNgandeu Schepanski S (2026)
sourceEssential Oil-enhanced digital hypnotherapy for subclinical generalized anxiety: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
topicBergamot Blood Pressure Randomized Trial
claimIf effective, this multimodal, low-intensity intervention could represent a scalable preventive approach for individuals with increased anxiety who are not receiving formal treatment and have been medically diagnosed.
evidence level2
citationNgandeu Schepanski S (2026)
sourceEssential Oil-enhanced digital hypnotherapy for subclinical generalized anxiety: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
topicBergamot Blood Pressure Randomized Trial
claimScalable, low-threshold digital interventions that target psychophysiological regulation may help address this gap.
evidence level2
citationNgandeu Schepanski S (2026)
sourceEssential Oil-enhanced digital hypnotherapy for subclinical generalized anxiety: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
topicBergamot Blood Pressure Randomized Trial
claimEpidemiological studies indicate that CRS affects a substantial proportion of patients, with an estimated prevalence of up to 0.4% in the general population and 2–3% in individuals with diabetes and heart failure, and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality [,].
evidence level3
citationCarollo Caterina (2026)
sourceNature’s Bioactives in Cardiorenal Syndrome: Polyphenols at the Crossroads—Preclinical Insights into Redox, Inflammation, and Mitochondrial Protection
topicBergamot Blood Pressure Randomized Trial
claimMost preclinical studies investigating polyphenolic interventions have focused on type IV and type V CRS, particularly diabetes-induced chronic kidney disease with associated cardiovascular dysfunction [,].
evidence level3
citationCarollo Caterina (2026)
sourceNature’s Bioactives in Cardiorenal Syndrome: Polyphenols at the Crossroads—Preclinical Insights into Redox, Inflammation, and Mitochondrial Protection
topicBergamot Blood Pressure Randomized Trial
claimSpecifically, gut dysbiosis leads to an increased intestinal permeability (leaky gut), allowing the translocation of microbiota-derived uremic toxins (such as p-cresyl sulfate and TMAO) into the systemic circulation [,].
evidence level3
citationCarollo Caterina (2026)
sourceNature’s Bioactives in Cardiorenal Syndrome: Polyphenols at the Crossroads—Preclinical Insights into Redox, Inflammation, and Mitochondrial Protection
topicBergamot Blood Pressure Randomized Trial
claim1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 1 2 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 Figure 1 Cardiorenal syndromes (CRS) describe the complex bidirectional interaction between the heart and the kidneys, whereby acute or chronic dysfunction of one organ induces structural and functional impairment of the other [].
evidence level3
citationCarollo Caterina (2026)
sourceNature’s Bioactives in Cardiorenal Syndrome: Polyphenols at the Crossroads—Preclinical Insights into Redox, Inflammation, and Mitochondrial Protection