evidence table

Apple Cider Vinegar Blood Pressure Randomized Trial Evidence Table

Structured evidence table for Apple Cider Vinegar Blood Pressure Randomized Trial, generated from 2 reusable source documents in the Migaku knowledge base.

topicclaimevidence levelcitationsource
Apple Cider Vinegar Blood Pressure Randomized Trial2022 2025 2022 2025 2018 2021 2025 2018 2021 2020 2022 2022 2022 2022 2022 2021 2020 2022 2021 2025 2025 2021 2022 2022 Nevertheless, evidence regarding vinegar's influence on glycemic control, lipid profiles, anthropometric indicators, and blood pressure is inconsistent (Fakhri et al. ; Keshani et al. ; Sohouli et al. ).2Shahmohammadi Forough (2026)Vinegar Consumption and Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta‐Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials
Apple Cider Vinegar Blood Pressure Randomized TrialSeveral meta‐analyses have reported significant improvements in FBG (Arjmandfard et al. ; Siddiqui et al. ), however, one meta‐analysis found no significant impact on healthy, overweight, or obese patients and metabolic conditions (Valdes et al. ).2Shahmohammadi Forough (2026)Vinegar Consumption and Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta‐Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials
Apple Cider Vinegar Blood Pressure Randomized TrialNevertheless, conflicting evidence suggests that there are no significant differences in HbA1C (Sohouli et al. ; Valdes et al. ), TG (Cheng et al. ; Sohouli et al. ), LDL (Hadi et al. ; Keshani et al. ), BMI (Keshani et al. ; Valdes et al. ), SBP (Fakhri et al. ), and DBP (Fakhri et al. ).2Shahmohammadi Forough (2026)Vinegar Consumption and Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta‐Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials
Apple Cider Vinegar Blood Pressure Randomized TrialAAB ACV AMPK AMSTAR BMI CI DBP FBG FPI GLP‐1 GLUT4 GRADE HbA1c HDL HOMA‐IR LDL MD PEPCK PPG PPI PRIOR PROSPERO PYY RAAS RCT RoB SBP SRMA T2DM TC TG WC 2016 2016 2008 2009 2014 2013 Vinegar is a naturally occurring food, primarily composed of acetic acid and bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, melanoidins, and organic acids (Chen et al. ; Samad et al. ).2Shahmohammadi Forough (2026)Vinegar Consumption and Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta‐Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials
Apple Cider Vinegar Blood Pressure Randomized TrialHowever, consistent evidence remains limited, possibly due to heterogeneity in individual responses.3Humblot C (2025)A scoping review of the health effects of fermented foods in specific human populations and their potential role in precision nutrition: current knowledge and gaps.
Apple Cider Vinegar Blood Pressure Randomized TrialObjectives The objective of this review is to assess and compile existing evidence on the variable responses of populations to FF and to determine whether FF could be integrated into a precision nutrition strategy.3Humblot C (2025)A scoping review of the health effects of fermented foods in specific human populations and their potential role in precision nutrition: current knowledge and gaps.
Apple Cider Vinegar Blood Pressure Randomized TrialThe question was systematically addressed to assess the available evidence and identify knowledge gaps, guiding future research.3Humblot C (2025)A scoping review of the health effects of fermented foods in specific human populations and their potential role in precision nutrition: current knowledge and gaps.
Apple Cider Vinegar Blood Pressure Randomized TrialBackground Diets and specific foods have a significant impact on health, and individual responses to nutritional factors vary.3Humblot C (2025)A scoping review of the health effects of fermented foods in specific human populations and their potential role in precision nutrition: current knowledge and gaps.
topicApple Cider Vinegar Blood Pressure Randomized Trial
claim2022 2025 2022 2025 2018 2021 2025 2018 2021 2020 2022 2022 2022 2022 2022 2021 2020 2022 2021 2025 2025 2021 2022 2022 Nevertheless, evidence regarding vinegar's influence on glycemic control, lipid profiles, anthropometric indicators, and blood pressure is inconsistent (Fakhri et al. ; Keshani et al. ; Sohouli et al. ).
evidence level2
citationShahmohammadi Forough (2026)
sourceVinegar Consumption and Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta‐Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials
topicApple Cider Vinegar Blood Pressure Randomized Trial
claimSeveral meta‐analyses have reported significant improvements in FBG (Arjmandfard et al. ; Siddiqui et al. ), however, one meta‐analysis found no significant impact on healthy, overweight, or obese patients and metabolic conditions (Valdes et al. ).
evidence level2
citationShahmohammadi Forough (2026)
sourceVinegar Consumption and Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta‐Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials
topicApple Cider Vinegar Blood Pressure Randomized Trial
claimNevertheless, conflicting evidence suggests that there are no significant differences in HbA1C (Sohouli et al. ; Valdes et al. ), TG (Cheng et al. ; Sohouli et al. ), LDL (Hadi et al. ; Keshani et al. ), BMI (Keshani et al. ; Valdes et al. ), SBP (Fakhri et al. ), and DBP (Fakhri et al. ).
evidence level2
citationShahmohammadi Forough (2026)
sourceVinegar Consumption and Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta‐Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials
topicApple Cider Vinegar Blood Pressure Randomized Trial
claimAAB ACV AMPK AMSTAR BMI CI DBP FBG FPI GLP‐1 GLUT4 GRADE HbA1c HDL HOMA‐IR LDL MD PEPCK PPG PPI PRIOR PROSPERO PYY RAAS RCT RoB SBP SRMA T2DM TC TG WC 2016 2016 2008 2009 2014 2013 Vinegar is a naturally occurring food, primarily composed of acetic acid and bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, melanoidins, and organic acids (Chen et al. ; Samad et al. ).
evidence level2
citationShahmohammadi Forough (2026)
sourceVinegar Consumption and Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta‐Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials
topicApple Cider Vinegar Blood Pressure Randomized Trial
claimHowever, consistent evidence remains limited, possibly due to heterogeneity in individual responses.
evidence level3
citationHumblot C (2025)
sourceA scoping review of the health effects of fermented foods in specific human populations and their potential role in precision nutrition: current knowledge and gaps.
topicApple Cider Vinegar Blood Pressure Randomized Trial
claimObjectives The objective of this review is to assess and compile existing evidence on the variable responses of populations to FF and to determine whether FF could be integrated into a precision nutrition strategy.
evidence level3
citationHumblot C (2025)
sourceA scoping review of the health effects of fermented foods in specific human populations and their potential role in precision nutrition: current knowledge and gaps.
topicApple Cider Vinegar Blood Pressure Randomized Trial
claimThe question was systematically addressed to assess the available evidence and identify knowledge gaps, guiding future research.
evidence level3
citationHumblot C (2025)
sourceA scoping review of the health effects of fermented foods in specific human populations and their potential role in precision nutrition: current knowledge and gaps.
topicApple Cider Vinegar Blood Pressure Randomized Trial
claimBackground Diets and specific foods have a significant impact on health, and individual responses to nutritional factors vary.
evidence level3
citationHumblot C (2025)
sourceA scoping review of the health effects of fermented foods in specific human populations and their potential role in precision nutrition: current knowledge and gaps.

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Source documents

  1. Vinegar Consumption and Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta‐Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials
  2. A scoping review of the health effects of fermented foods in specific human populations and their potential role in precision nutrition: current knowledge and gaps.